Extrapolation of cellular and molecular level studies to the human situation
| Autor: | Magee Pn |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1977 |
| Předmět: |
Liver tumor
DNA Repair Drug Evaluation Preclinical Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique) In Vitro Techniques Biology Toxicology medicine.disease_cause Mixed Function Oxygenases Structure-Activity Relationship Neoplasms medicine Animals Humans Inducer Carcinogen chemistry.chemical_classification Cancer medicine.disease Pollution Enzyme chemistry Biochemistry Enzyme Induction Mutation Carcinogens Microsomes Liver Cancer research Microsome Carcinogenesis Mutagens Nitroso Compounds |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. 2:1415-1424 |
| ISSN: | 0098-4108 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/15287397709529540 |
| Popis: | This presentation deals with aspects of extrapolation in the areas of carcinogenesis and mutagenesis. Although many chemicals are known to induce cancer in experimental animals, relatively few are recognized with certainty as carcinogenic in humans. A large number of N‐nitroso compounds are potent carcinogens in animals and are useful models for extrapolation, although they are not proved human carcinogens. Prediction of carcinogenic activity from chemical structure is possible in some cases but is not generally reliable. Most carcinogens require metabolic activation by microsomal mixed‐function oxidases, and phenobarbitone, an inducer of these enzymes, produces tumors of mouse liver similar to those produced by some organochlorine pesticides. Epidemiological studies in humans indicate that prolonged phenobarbitone intake does not significantly increase the incidence of any human tumor except in the brain. Liver tumor induction in mice may be markedly influenced by relatively small environmental changes. ... |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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