Visceral Leishmaniasis in Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients in Pernambuco, Brazil
| Autor: | Maria Almerice Lopes da Silva, Paulo Sérgio Ramos de Araújo, Diego Lins Guedes, Mariana Santana da Silva, Demócrito de Barros Miranda-Filho, Elis Dionísio da Silva, Zulma Medeiros, Audrey Violeta Martins de Vasconcelos |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Cross-sectional study 030231 tropical medicine HIV Infections Polymerase Chain Reaction 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Virology Internal medicine Direct agglutination test Agglutination Tests Epidemiology medicine Prevalence Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Leishmania business.industry Coinfection HIV Leishmaniasis Articles Middle Aged medicine.disease Latex fixation test Hospitalization Infectious Diseases Visceral leishmaniasis Cross-Sectional Studies Leishmaniasis Visceral Parasitology Female business Brazil |
| Zdroj: | The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 99(6) |
| ISSN: | 1476-1645 |
| Popis: | Common in four continents, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an important but neglected disease. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection increases the risk of developing VL in people from leishmaniasis-endemic areas, with worse prognosis when there is coinfection. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of HIV/VL coinfection in patients admitted in three referral hospitals for HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Pernambuco, Brazil, and to compare epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics among HIV/VL coinfected and HIV mono-infected individuals. The sample consisted of HIV patients aged 18 years or more, in a period of data collection of 6 months. We performed four Leishmania tests-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), direct agglutination test, rK39, and latex agglutination test-and individuals with at least one positive test were considered coinfected. The HIV/VL coinfection prevalence we found was 16.9%. We observed large variation in prevalence according to the Leishmania test used, with low coincidence of positive tests. The most frequent symptoms found were weight loss (75.6%), fever (67.6%), and cough (55.3%). When we compared HIV/VL coinfected and HIV mono-infected groups we did not observe statistically significant differences. Low educational level (P = 0.004) and pallor (P = 0.009) were more frequent in the coinfected group. Serum albumin level was higher in coinfected individuals (P = 0.009). It is important to follow-up these individuals to understand the dynamics of VL in people living with HIV. New tests are necessary, ideally differentiating active from latent infection. Testing for VL in people with HIV is important and should be considered as part of the initial investigation in these individuals. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|