Balancing commensals
| Autor: | Shikha Bose, Emily Y. Ko, Alexander D. Prince, Viviana I. Maymi, Dermot P.B. McGovern, Stephen L. Shiao, Junhee Yoon, Alka A. Potdar, Madison J. Davis, Yuzu Kubota, Kathleen M. Kershaw, Sungyong You, Jie Tang, Jung Lee, Paul Noe, Tahir B. Dar, Jose J. Limon, Matthew Gargus, Zachary S. Zumsteg, Jlenia Guarnerio, David M. Underhill, Rachel Y. Choi, Wensha Yang, Regina M. Henson |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Antifungal Agents medicine.medical_treatment T-Lymphocytes Down-Regulation Breast Neoplasms Microbiology Article Mice Immune system Breast cancer Tumor-Associated Macrophages medicine Animals Humans Lectins C-Type Microbiome Symbiosis Melanoma biology Bacteria General Immunology and Microbiology Fungi Immunotherapy biology.organism_classification Commensalism medicine.disease Combined Modality Therapy Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays Gastrointestinal Microbiome Up-Regulation Radiation therapy Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic Infectious Diseases Oncology Female |
| Zdroj: | Cancer Cell |
| ISSN: | 1740-1534 1740-1526 |
| Popis: | Studies suggest that the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy is influenced by intestinal bacteria. However, the influence of the microbiome on radiation therapy is not as well understood, and the microbiome comprises more than bacteria. Here, we find that intestinal fungi regulate antitumor immune responses following radiation in mouse models of breast cancer and melanoma and that fungi and bacteria have opposite influences on these responses. Antibiotic-mediated depletion or gnotobiotic exclusion of fungi enhances responsiveness to radiation, whereas antibiotic-mediated depletion of bacteria reduces responsiveness and is associated with overgrowth of commensal fungi. Further, elevated intratumoral expression of Dectin-1, a primary innate sensor of fungi, is negatively associated with survival in patients with breast cancer and is required for the effects of commensal fungi in mouse models of radiation therapy. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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