The Hall–Petch and inverse Hall–Petch relations and the hardness of nanocrystalline metals
| Autor: | Sneha N. Naik, Stephen M. Walley |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Naik, Sneha N. [0000-0002-9949-0024], Walley, Stephen M. [0000-0002-5399-6185], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Naik, SN [0000-0002-9949-0024], Walley, SM [0000-0002-5399-6185] |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
010302 applied physics
3403 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry Materials science Condensed matter physics 34 Chemical Sciences Mechanical Engineering 02 engineering and technology Review Plasticity 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Nanocrystalline material 4016 Materials Engineering Grain growth Mechanics of Materials 0103 physical sciences General Materials Science Crystallite Diffusion (business) Dislocation 0210 nano-technology Grain boundary strengthening Grain Boundary Sliding 40 Engineering |
| DOI: | 10.17863/cam.53553 |
| Popis: | We review some of the factors that influence the hardness of polycrystalline materials with grain sizes less than 1 µm. The fundamental physical mechanisms that govern the hardness of nanocrystalline materials are discussed. The recently proposed dislocation curvature model for grain size-dependent strengthening and the 60-year-old Hall–Petch relationship are compared. For grains less than 30 nm in size, there is evidence for a transition from dislocation-based plasticity to grain boundary sliding, rotation, or diffusion as the main mechanism responsible for hardness. The evidence surrounding the inverse Hall–Petch phenomenon is found to be inconclusive due to processing artefacts, grain growth effects, and errors associated with the conversion of hardness to yield strength in nanocrystalline materials. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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