Ultrathin Tropical Tropopause Clouds (UTTCs) : I. Cloud morphology and occurrence
| Autor: | Cornelius Schiller, Leopoldo Stefanutti, Thomas Trautmann, Johan Ström, G. Di Donfrancesco, Francesco Cairo, C. M. Volk, Th. Peter, R. MacKenzie, Martin Wirth, V. Santacesaria, Vladimir Yushkov, Stephan Borrmann, Valentin Mitev, J. Beuermann, Kevin J. Noone, Andreas Thomas, Harald Flentje, Guido Toci, B. P. Luo, Kenneth S. Carslaw, V. Rudakov, V. Khattatov, Alberto Adriani, Christoph Kiemle, P. Mazzinghi |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute for Atmospheric Physics [Mainz] (IPA), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Central Aerological Observatory (CAO), Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet), Quantum Electronics Institute, National Institute of Applied Optics, Institute I: Stratosphere, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Italian National agency for new technologies, Energy and sustainable economic development [Frascati] (ENEA), Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik [Frankfurt], Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institute of Applied Environmental Research [Stockholm] (ITM), Stockholm University, Department of Meteorology [Stockholm] (MISU), Observatoire Cantonal de Neuchâtel (OCN), Department of Environmental Science [Lancaster], Lancaster University, School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds, Institute of Meteorology, IROE ? CNR 'Nello Carrara', Geophysica-GEIE ? 'CNR', EGU, Publication |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean
Atmosphere Atmospheric Science 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Ice crystals [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere 010501 environmental sciences Atmospheric sciences 01 natural sciences lcsh:QC1-999 lcsh:Chemistry Atmosphere lcsh:QD1-999 13. Climate action Climatology Phase (matter) Tropical tropopause Mixing ratio ddc:550 Environmental science Cirrus Tropopause Stratosphere lcsh:Physics 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, European Geosciences Union, 2003, 3 (4), pp.1083-1091 ResearcherID Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 3 (4) Scopus-Elsevier Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 3, Iss 4, Pp 1083-1091 (2003) |
| ISSN: | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| Popis: | Subvisible cirrus clouds (SVCs) may contribute to dehydration close to the tropical tropopause. The higher and colder SVCs and the larger their ice crystals, the more likely they represent the last efficient point of contact of the gas phase with the ice phase and, hence, the last dehydrating step, before the air enters the stratosphere. The first simultaneous in situ and remote sensing measurements of SVCs were taken during the APE-THESEO campaign in the western Indian ocean in February/March 1999. The observed clouds, termed Ultrathin Tropical Tropopause Clouds (UTTCs), belong to the geometrically and optically thinnest large-scale clouds in the Earth's atmosphere. Individual UTTCs may exist for many hours as an only 200--300 m thick cloud layer just a few hundred meters below the tropical cold point tropopause, covering up to 105 km2. With temperatures as low as 181 K these clouds are prime representatives for defining the water mixing ratio of air entering the lower stratosphere. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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