Dirigent Proteins Guide Asymmetric Heterocoupling for the Synthesis of Complex Natural Product Analogues
| Autor: | Stacie S Kim, Elizabeth S. Sattely |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Stereochemistry
010402 general chemistry 01 natural sciences Biochemistry Article Lignans Catalysis chemistry.chemical_compound Colloid and Surface Chemistry Phenols Plant Proteins Lignan Biological Products Natural product biology Phenylpropanoid Podophyllum Enantioselective synthesis Proteins Stereoisomerism General Chemistry biology.organism_classification 0104 chemical sciences Dirigent protein chemistry Pinoresinol biology.protein Oxidation-Reduction Coniferyl alcohol |
| Zdroj: | J Am Chem Soc |
| ISSN: | 1520-5126 0002-7863 |
| Popis: | Phenylpropanoids are a class of abundant building blocks found in plants and derived from phenylalanine and tyrosine. Phenylpropanoid polymerization leads to the second most abundant biopolymer lignin while stereo- and site-selective coupling generates an array of lignan natural products with potent biological activity, including the topoisomerase inhibitor and chemotherapeutic etoposide. A key step in etoposide biosynthesis involves a plant dirigent protein that promotes selective dimerization of coniferyl alcohol, a common phenylpropanoid, to form (+)-pinoresinol, a critical C2 symmetric pathway intermediate. Despite the power of this coupling reaction for the elegant and rapid assembly of the etoposide scaffold, dirigent proteins have not been utilized to generate other complex lignan natural products. Here, we demonstrate that dirigent proteins from Podophyllum hexandrum in combination with a laccase guide the heterocoupling of natural and synthetic coniferyl alcohol analogues for the enantioselective synthesis of pinoresinol analogues. This route for complexity generation is remarkably direct and efficient: three new bonds and four stereocenters are produced from two different achiral monomers in a single step. We anticipate our results will enable biocatalytic routes to difficult-to-access non-natural lignan analogues and etoposide derivatives. Furthermore, these dirigent protein and laccase-promoted reactions of coniferyl alcohol analogues represent new regio- and enantioselective oxidative heterocouplings for which no other chemical methods have been reported. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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