Dietary Quality in Vegetarian and Omnivorous Female Students in Germany: A Retrospective Study
| Autor: | Faustina Hwang, Julie A. Lovegrove, Paul Finglas, Birgit Kaiser, Kurt Gedrich, Rodrigo Zenun Franco, Michelle Weech, Julia Blaurock, Rosalind Fallaize, Tamara Stelzl |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
personalized dietary advices
030309 nutrition & dietetics Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis food frequency questionnaire lcsh:Medicine 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Cobalamin Article 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Nutrient Germany Medicine Humans Food science Lactose Students Dietary Reference Values Retrospective Studies chemistry.chemical_classification 0303 health sciences nutrient intake Cholesterol business.industry vegetarian lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Retinol omnivores web application healthy eating index Diet chemistry Female Omnivore business Polyunsaturated fatty acid Vegetarians |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 1888, p 1888 (2021) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 18 Issue 4 |
| ISSN: | 1661-7827 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | Vegetarian diets have gained in popularity, especially among highly educated women, and are considered beneficial to health. Comparative studies assessing the diet of vegetarians against omnivores are rather limited and often provide ambivalent results. Therefore, this study examined the nutrient intake and nutritional quality of vegetarian and omnivorous diets in a group of 61 female students in Germany. Habitual dietary intake was evaluated using a validated graphical online food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Differences in nutrient intakes were analyzed by Mann–Whitney-U-Tests. Odds Ratios (OR) were calculated for vegetarians exceeding dietary reference values (DRV) compared to omnivores. The overall nutritional quality was assessed using the Healthy-Eating-Index-2015 (HEI-2015). In omnivores, intakes of total energy from saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-n3-PUFA), cholesterol, sucrose, lactose, retinol, and cobalamin were significantly higher than in vegetarians. Significantly lower intakes were observed for fiber, magnesium, and beta-carotene. Significant OR were detected for total fat (OR = 0.29), SFA (OR = 0.04), beta-carotene (OR = 4.55), and cobalamin (OR = 0.32). HEI-2015 scores were higher for vegetarians than for omnivores (79 points versus 74 points) and significant differences were recorded for the HEI-2015 components dairy, seafood & plant proteins, fatty acids, added sugars, and saturated fatty acids. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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