Hydroxytyrosol ameliorates metabolic, cardiovascular and liver changes in a rat model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome: Pharmacological and metabolism-based investigation
Autor: | Hemant Poudyal, Ioanna Andreadou, Panagiotis Efentakis, Leandros Skaltsounis, Evangelos Gikas, Nikolaos Lemonakis, Lindsay Brown, Maria Halabalaki |
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Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty Mediterranean diet Diet High-Fat medicine.disease_cause Cardiovascular System 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound NEFA Internal medicine Diabetes mellitus Dietary Carbohydrates medicine Animals Obesity Rats Wistar Metabolic Syndrome Pharmacology Metabolism Phenylethyl Alcohol medicine.disease Dietary Fats Rats Disease Models Animal Oxidative Stress 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology Blood pressure Liver chemistry Hydroxytyrosol Metabolic syndrome Biomarkers Oxidative stress |
Zdroj: | Pharmacological Research. 117:32-45 |
ISSN: | 1043-6618 |
Popis: | Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of interrelated risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The Mediterranean diet has been proposed as an important dietary pattern to confer cardioprotection by attenuating risk factors of metabolic syndrome. Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is present in olive fruit and oil, which are basic constituents of the Mediterranean diet. In this study, we have shown that treatment with HT (20mg/kg/d for 8 weeks) decreased adiposity, improved impaired glucose and insulin tolerance, improved endothelial function with lower systolic blood pressure, decreased left ventricular fibrosis and resultant diastolic stiffness and reduced markers of liver damage in a diet-induced rat model of metabolic syndrome. These results were accompanied by reduced infiltration of monocytes/macrophages into the heart with reduced biomarkers of oxidative stress. Furthermore, in an HRMS-based metabolism study of HT, we have identified 24 HT phase I and II metabolites, six of them being over-produced in high-starch, low-fat diet fed rats treated with HT compared to obese rats on high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet. These results provide direct evidence for cardioprotective effects of hydroxytyrosol by attenuation of metabolic risk factors. The implications of altered metabolism of HT in high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet fed obese rats warrant further investigation. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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