Modafinil: its discovery, the early European and North American experience in the treatment of narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia, and its subsequent use in other medical conditions
| Autor: | Roger Broughton, Michel Billiard |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Excessive daytime sleepiness Modafinil Disorders of Excessive Somnolence Hydroxamic Acids History 21st Century 03 medical and health sciences Mice 0302 clinical medicine medicine Animals Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Wakefulness Psychiatry Narcolepsy Clinical Trials as Topic business.industry Adrafinil Sleep apnea General Medicine History 20th Century medicine.disease Clinical trial Europe Military Personnel North America Central Nervous System Stimulants medicine.symptom Sympathomimetic Effects business Adrenergic alpha-Agonists 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Somnolence medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Sleep medicine. 49 |
| ISSN: | 1878-5506 |
| Popis: | Adrafinil, a new molecule identified by a French drug company, L. Lafon Ltd, in 1974, was found to cause a significant dose-dependent increase in motor activity in mice, without exerting peripheral sympathomimetic effects. As early as 1977-78, Michel Jouvet prescribed adrafinil to narcoleptic patients, but without consistent results. Meanwhile the kinetics of adrafinil led to the identification of an active metabolite, modafinil. In 1983, Jouvet and Bastuji prescribed modafinil to narcoleptic and idiopathic hypersomnia patients and obtained a significant decrease of excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep attacks in a majority of patients. L. Lafon Ltd was initially not interested in developing this molecule for market however, thanks to Jouvet's insistance, it decided to start clinical trials in both healthy volunteers and narcoleptic patients as well as conduct animal studies. Results were excellent and led to the use of modafinil by the French army during the Gulf War in January-February 1991, as well as to the official registration of the drug in France in 1992. Subsequent multicenter controlled clinical trials in North America confirmed the findings in Europe. Modafinil was later used to treat sleepiness, somnolence and fatigue in a large number of medical conditions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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