Smoking and Neuropsychiatric Disease-Associations and Underlying Mechanisms
| Autor: | Marin Kuntic, Thomas Münzel, Klaus Lieb, Omar Hahad, Andreas Daiber, Manfred E. Beutel, Matthias Michal |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
neuropsychiatric disorder smoking smoking-induced disease inflammation oxidative stress QH301-705.5 Disease Review Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Epidemiology medicine Tobacco Smoking Dementia Animals Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Cognitive decline Risk factor Biology (General) Psychiatry Molecular Biology QD1-999 Spectroscopy Depression (differential diagnoses) business.industry Organic Chemistry Smoking General Medicine medicine.disease Anxiety Disorders Computer Science Applications Chemistry Oxidative Stress Schizophrenia business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Anxiety disorder Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 7272, p 7272 (2021) International journal of molecular sciences, 22(14):7272 |
| ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | Despite extensive efforts to combat cigarette smoking/tobacco use, it still remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, killing more than eight million people each year. While tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases related to the four main groups—cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, and diabetes—its impact on neuropsychiatric risk is rather elusive. The aim of this review article is to emphasize the importance of smoking as a potential risk factor for neuropsychiatric disease and to identify central pathophysiological mechanisms that may contribute to this relationship. There is strong evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies indicating that smoking may increase the risk of various neuropsychiatric diseases, such as dementia/cognitive decline, schizophrenia/psychosis, depression, anxiety disorder, and suicidal behavior induced by structural and functional alterations of the central nervous system, mainly centered on inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. From a public health perspective, preventive measures and policies designed to counteract the global epidemic of smoking should necessarily include warnings and actions that address the risk of neuropsychiatric disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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