A Molecular Target for an Alcohol Chain-Length Cutoff
| Autor: | Andrew S. Hansen, Hae-Won Chung, Scott B. Hansen, Cerrone Cabanos, Mahmud Arif Pavel, E. Nicholas Petersen, Keith R. Murphy, William W. Ja |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Alcohol binding
Phosphatidic Acids Glycerophospholipids Phospholipase Article 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Potassium Channels Tandem Pore Domain 0302 clinical medicine Structural Biology Phospholipase D Animals Drosophila Proteins Molecular Biology Cells Cultured Ion channel 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Binding Sites Ethanol Chemistry RNA-Binding Proteins Phosphatidic acid Potassium channel enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates) Drosophila melanogaster Biophysics lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Phosphatidylethanol 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Molecular Biology. 431:196-209 |
| ISSN: | 0022-2836 |
| Popis: | Despite the widespread consumption of ethanol, mechanisms underlying its anesthetic effects remain uncertain. n-Alcohols induce anesthesia up to a specific chain length and then lose potency-an observation known as the "chain-length cutoff effect." This cutoff effect is thought to be mediated by alcohol binding sites on proteins such as ion channels, but where these sites are for long-chain alcohols and how they mediate a cutoff remain poorly defined. In animals, the enzyme phospholipase D (PLD) has been shown to generate alcohol metabolites (e.g., phosphatidylethanol) with a cutoff, but no phenotype has been shown connecting PLD to an anesthetic effect. Here we show loss of PLD blocks ethanol-mediated hyperactivity in Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly), demonstrating that PLD mediates behavioral responses to alcohol in vivo. Furthermore, the metabolite phosphatidylethanol directly competes for the endogenous PLD product phosphatidic acid at lipid-binding sites within potassium channels [e.g., TWIK-related K+ channel type 1 (K2P2.1, TREK-1)]. This gives rise to a PLD-dependent cutoff in TREK-1. We propose an alcohol pathway where PLD produces lipid-alcohol metabolites that bind to and regulate downstream effector molecules including lipid-regulated potassium channels. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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