The Predictive Role of Thyroid Hormone Levels for Early Diabetic Retinal Changes in Experimental Rat and Human Diabetes

Autor: Bulcsú Dékány, Erika Tátrai, Arnold Szabo, Gabor Mark Somfai, Fanni Pálya, Zoltán Zsolt Nagy, Petra Soltész, Anikó Somogyi, Rozina I. Hajdú, Anna Enzsoly, Attila Oláh, Akos Kusnyerik, Csaba Mátyás, Zsolt Turóczi, Ákos Lukáts, Tamás Radovits, Klaudia Szabó, Dániel S. Veres, Irén Szalai
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Blood Glucose
Male
Opsin
genetic structures
Rats
Sprague-Dawley
chemistry.chemical_compound
cones
0302 clinical medicine
Thyroid
Diabetic retinopathy
Middle Aged
Cone Opsins
Photoreceptor outer segment
medicine.anatomical_structure
Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells
Female
Adult
Thyroid Hormones
medicine.medical_specialty
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Retina
Diabetes Mellitus
Experimental
opsin expression
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Internal medicine
Diabetes mellitus
medicine
Animals
Humans
Aged
Glycated Hemoglobin
Diabetic Retinopathy
Color Vision
business.industry
Retinal
medicine.disease
eye diseases
Rats
Rats
Zucker
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1
Endocrinology
Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2
chemistry
Case-Control Studies
030221 ophthalmology & optometry
sense organs
business
Hormone
Zdroj: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
ISSN: 1552-5783
Popis: Purpose In diabetic subjects, early visual functional alterations such as color vision deficiencies (CVDs) are known to precede clinically apparent diabetic retinopathy. Prominent photoreceptor outer segment degeneration and an increase in the number of retinal dual cones (co-expressing S- and M-opsins simultaneously) have been described in diabetic rat models, suggesting a connection with the development of CVDs. As cone opsin expression is controlled by thyroid hormones, we investigated the diabetic retina in association with thyroid hormone alterations. Methods In rat models of type 1 and 2 diabetes, dual cones were labeled by immunohistochemistry, and their numbers were analyzed in relation to free triiodothyronine (fT3) and free thyroxine (fT4) levels. Quantification of dual cones was also performed in human postmortem retinas. Additionally, a cross-sectional case-control study was performed where thyroid hormone levels were measured and color vision was assessed with Lanthony desaturated D15 discs. Results A higher number of dual cones was detectable in diabetic rats, correlating with fT4 levels. Dual cones were also present in postmortem human retinas, with higher numbers in the three diabetic retinas. As expected, age was strongly associated with CVDs in human patients, and the presence of diabetes also increased the risk. However, the current study failed to detect any effect of thyroid hormones on the development of CVDs. Conclusions Our results point toward the involvement of thyroid homeostasis in the opsin expression changes in diabetic rats and human samples. The evaluation of the possible clinical consequences warrants further research.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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