School Social Capital and Tobacco Experimentation Among Adolescents: Evidence From a Cross-Classified Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis
| Autor: | Tracy K. Richmond, Mark A. Schuster, Melissa F. Peskin, Carly E. Milliren, Marc N. Elliott, Susan Tortolero Emery, Rie Sakai-Bizmark, Ichiro Kawachi, Susan L. Davies |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Longitudinal study Adolescent education Social Environment Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine 030225 pediatrics Tobacco Smoking Humans Longitudinal Studies Peer Influence 030212 general & internal medicine Students Association (psychology) Schools Multilevel model Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Tobacco Products Odds ratio Psychiatry and Mental health Cross-Sectional Studies Prosocial behavior Adolescent Behavior Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Cohort Multilevel Analysis Social Capital Female Psychology Demography Adolescent health Social capital |
| Zdroj: | J Adolesc Health |
| ISSN: | 1054-139X |
| Popis: | PURPOSE: School social capital incorporates the intangible pro-social resources from social networks, including expectations and social norms, found in a school environment. School social capital may influence health behaviors such as smoking. This study examined the association of school social capital with smoking behaviors from childhood into adolescence. METHODS: We used a cohort sampled from 3 U.S. cities for the Healthy Passages Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The primary outcome was cigarette smoking at grade ten (Wave 3). The primary predictor of interest was school social capital at grade five (Wave 1). We included potential covariates at the individual-, school-, and neighborhood-levels at Wave 1. To account for simultaneous clustering in schools and neighborhoods, cross-classified multilevel models (CCMM) were employed. RESULTS: After exclusions and imputations for missing variables, our final sample contained 3,968 students as constituents of 118 schools and 479 neighborhoods. With adjustment for the covariates, school social capital for grade five was negatively associated with cigarette smoking in grade ten. We estimated that a one-standard deviation increase in the school average social capital for grade five is associated with an odds ratio of 0.86 (95% Credible Interval: 0.75-0.98) for school-level smoking in grade ten. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that school social capital in late elementary years is associated with reduced smoking behaviors among adolescents in the United States. Influencing school social capital through enrichment of positive social norms and parent/teacher expectations may be a useful strategy to reduce adolescent smoking, with long-term implications for adult health. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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