Isolation and identification of new vasodilative substances in diesel exhaust particles
| Autor: | Yuji Kuge, Yoichi Noya, Yusuke Mikami, Akira K. Suzuki, Koh-ichi Seki, Kazue Ohkura, Shinji Taneda |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Acidic components Diesel exhaust Vasodilator Agents Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Phthalic Acids Separation method Fractionation Chemical Fractionation complex mixtures Nitrophenols Vasodilatory compounds chemistry.chemical_compound Animals Environmental Chemistry Solvent extraction Vehicle Emissions 4-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid Air Pollutants Sodium bicarbonate Chromatography Extraction (chemistry) General Medicine respiratory system Diesel exhaust particles Pollution Rats Sodium Bicarbonate chemistry Sodium hydroxide Particulate Matter 3-Hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 17(3):717-723 |
| ISSN: | 0944-1344 |
| Popis: | Goal, Scope, and Background: We recently developed a new isolation method for diesel exhaust particles (DEP), involving successive extraction with H2O, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium hydroxide, in which the sodium hydroxide extract was found to consist of phenolic components. Analysis of the extract revealed that vasodilative active nitrophenols are in DEP in significantly higher concentration than those estimated by an earlier method involving a combination of solvent extraction and repeated chromatography. These findings indicated that our new procedure offers a simple, efficient and reliable method for the isolation and identification of bioactive substances in DEP. This encouraged us to extend our work to investigating new vasodilatory substances in the sodium bicarbonate extract. Materials and Methods: DEP were collected from the exhaust of a 4JB1-type engine (ISUZU Automobile Co., Tokyo, Japan). GC-MS analysis was performed with a GCMS-QP2010 instrument (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Results: DEP dissolved in 1-butanol was successively extracted with water, sodium bicarbonate, and then aqueous sodium hydroxide. The sodium bicarbonate extract was neutralized and the resulting mixture of acidic components was subjected to reverse-phase (RP) column chromatography followed by RP-HPLC with fractions assayed for vasodilative activity. This led to the identification of terephthalic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenol, and 1,4,5-naphthalene tricarboxylic acid as components of DEP. Discussion: The sodium bicarbonate extract was rich in the acidic components. Repeated reverse-phase chromatography resulted in the successful isolation of several acidic substances including the new vasodilative materials, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid, and 3-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid. Conclusion: Our new fractionation method for DEP has made possible the isolation of new vasodilative compounds from the sodium bicarbonate extract. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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