Shaping mitotic chromosomes: From classical concepts to molecular mechanisms
| Autor: | Marc Kschonsak, Christian H. Haering |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
topoisomerase II
Condensin chromosome segregation cohesin Computational biology Eukaryotic chromosome structure Chromosomes General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Chromosome segregation Mitotic chromosome condensation Condensin complex Animals Humans Mitosis Metaphase mitosis Adenosine Triphosphatases Genetics chromosome condensation biology condensin Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly Nucleosomes DNA-Binding Proteins Prospects & Overviews Multiprotein Complexes Premature chromosome condensation biology.protein SMC complex |
| Zdroj: | Bioessays |
| ISSN: | 0265-9247 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/bies.201500020 |
| Popis: | How eukaryotic genomes are packaged into compact cylindrical chromosomes in preparation for cell divisions has remained one of the major unsolved questions of cell biology. Novel approaches to study the topology of DNA helices inside the nuclei of intact cells, paired with computational modeling and precise biomechanical measurements of isolated chromosomes, have advanced our understanding of mitotic chromosome architecture. In this Review Essay, we discuss - in light of these recent insights - the role of chromatin architecture and the functions and possible mechanisms of SMC protein complexes and other molecular machines in the formation of mitotic chromosomes. Based on the information available, we propose a stepwise model of mitotic chromosome condensation that envisions the sequential generation of intra-chromosomal linkages by condensin complexes in the context of cohesin-mediated inter-chromosomal linkages, assisted by topoisomerase II. The described scenario results in rod-shaped metaphase chromosomes ready for their segregation to the cell poles. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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