The dynamic of crop-livestock systems in the Mediterranean and future prospective at local level: A comparative analysis for South and North Mediterranean systems

Autor: Véronique Alary, Adel Aboul-Naga, Mohamed Taher Sraïri, Jacques Lasseur, Charles-Henri Moulin
Přispěvatelé: Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux (UMR SELMET), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Université Hassan II [Casablanca] (UH2MC)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
Cash crop
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Ecological efficiency
mediterranean
Développement rural
Diversification (marketing strategy)
Système d'élevage
[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Polyculture élevage
03 medical and health sciences
Urbanization
[INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Adaptabilité
Efficacité
2. Zero hunger
Sustainable development
Adaptive capacity
General Veterinary
Agroforestry
business.industry
L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales
0402 animal and dairy science
livestock systems
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
15. Life on land
Zone méditerranéenne
040201 dairy & animal science
adaptive capacity
030104 developmental biology
Geography
Agriculture
efficiency
development pathways
Système d'exploitation agricole
Animal Science and Zoology
Livestock
business
Zdroj: Livestock Science
Livestock Science, Elsevier, 2019, 224, pp.40-49. ⟨10.1016/j.livsci.2019.03.017⟩
ISSN: 1871-1413
DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.03.017⟩
Popis: International audience; Mediterranean livestock fanning systems have evolved to adapt to current and future pressures, including strong demographic growth and urbanization in the coastal zone, greater competition for land and water, and a big shift in the hinterland where farming activities are hardly maintained. We aim to explore future pathways for integrated crop-livestock systems in South and North Mediterranean countries to identify potential sustainable increases in efficiency and adaptability of resource utilization. The research was conducted in three countries, Egypt, France and Morocco, through case studies in a gradient of socio-ecological contexts, from favorable (plains and irrigated lands) to harsher ones (mountains, rain-fed areas). We mobilized farm surveys and monitoring, open-ended interviews, databases and previous studies. Based on a transversal analysis at the local level, we identified two main trends and five archetypical systems: (1) a centrifugal trend of specialization, towards cash crops or dairy herds in favorable areas, and pastoral system for meat production in harsher environments, and (2) a centripetal trend of diversification based on mixed crop-livestock systems in irrigation areas and agropastoral livestock-crop systems in intermediate rain-fed areas. The analysis showed an overwhelming antagonism between social vulnerability and ecological efficiency. Crop and livestock integration reduced the risk of biodiversity loss and low environmental efficiency observed in specialized systems, but mixed systems were more socially vulnerable. Those results call for dedicated rural development policies that favor the diversification as a lever of sustainable development but taking into account the land fragmentation and developing higher value added products chains. Taking advantage of spatial mobility abilities of livestock farming at the regional level, promoting collective actions must be encouraged to allow a wider range of livestock farmers in the hinterlands to live from their activities.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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