SWMM-UrbanEVA: A Model for the Evapotranspiration of Urban Vegetation
| Autor: | Mathias Uhl, Birgitta Hörnschemeyer, Malte Henrichs |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
lcsh:TD201-500
lcsh:Hydraulic engineering stormwater management model Hydrological modelling Geography Planning and Development evapotranspiration Vegetation Aquatic Science Atmospheric sciences Biochemistry SWMM-UrbanEVA blue green infrastructure Water balance lcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes lcsh:TC1-978 SWMM Evapotranspiration Crop factor hydrologic modeling Impervious surface Environmental science Shading Interception Water Science and Technology |
| Zdroj: | Water Volume 13 Issue 2 Water, Vol 13, Iss 243, p 243 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2073-4441 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/w13020243 |
| Popis: | Urban hydrology has so far lacked a suitable model for a precise long-term determination of evapotranspiration (ET) addressing shading and vegetation-specific dynamics. The proposed model &ldquo SWMM-UrbanEVA&rdquo is fully integrated into US EPA&rsquo s Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) and consists of two submodules. Submodule 1, &ldquo Shading&rdquo considers the reduction in potential ET due to shading effects. Local variabilities of shading impacts can be addressed for both pervious and impervious catchments. Submodule 2, &ldquo Evapotranspiration&rdquo allows the spatio-temporal differentiated ET simulation of vegetation and maps dependencies on vegetation, soil, and moisture conditions which are necessary for realistically modeling vegetation&rsquo s water balance. The model is tested for parameter sensitivities, validity, and plausibility of model behaviour and shows good model performance for both submodules. Depending on location and vegetation, remarkable improvements in total volume errors Vol (from Vol = 0.59 to &minus 0.04% for coniferous) and modeling long-term dynamics, measured by the Nash&ndash Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) (from NSE = 0.47 to 0.87 for coniferous) can be observed. The most sensitive model inputs to total ET are the shading factor KS and the crop factor KC. Both must be derived very carefully to minimize volume errors. Another focus must be set on the soil parameters since they define the soil volume available for ET. Process-oriented differentiation between ET fluxes interception evaporation, transpiration, and soil evaporation, using the leaf area index, behaves realistically but shows a lack in volume errors. Further investigations on process dynamics, validation, and parametrization are recommended. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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