Accumulation of autophagosomes confers cytotoxicity
| Autor: | C. Oliver Hanemann, Robert W. Button, Shouqing Luo, Sheridan L. Roberts, Thea L. Willis |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Autophagosome Programmed cell death autophagy Huntingtin Cell Survival Recombinant Fusion Proteins Green Fluorescent Proteins Vesicular Transport Proteins Nerve Tissue Proteins Biology Biochemistry 03 medical and health sciences Mice neurodegenerative disease Microscopy Electron Transmission Lysosome Cell Line Tumor Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 medicine Tumor Cells Cultured Animals Humans Viability assay Molecular Biology ATG16L1 Cells Cultured Mice Knockout Neurons Qa-SNARE Proteins TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases Autophagy HEK 293 cells Autophagosomes Lysosome-Associated Membrane Glycoproteins Cell Biology Embryo Mammalian Cell biology 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure cell death mTOR complex (mTORC) HEK293 Cells lysosome RNA Interference Lysosomes |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Biological Chemistry |
| ISSN: | 1083-351X 0021-9258 |
| Popis: | Autophagy comprises the processes of autophagosome synthesis and lysosomal degradation. In certain stress conditions, increased autophagosome synthesis may be associated with decreased lysosomal activity, which may result in reduced processing of the excessive autophagosomes by the rate-limiting lysosomal activity. Thus, the excessive autophagosomes in such situations may be largely unfused to lysosomes, and their formation/accumulation under these conditions is assumed to be futile for autophagy. The role of cytotoxicity in accumulating autophagosomes (representing synthesis of autophagosomes subsequently unfused to lysosomes) has not been investigated previously. Here, we found that accumulation of autophagosomes compromised cell viability, and this effect was alleviated by depletion of autophagosome machinery proteins. We tested whether reduction in autophagosome synthesis could affect cell viability in cell models expressing mutant huntingtin and α-synuclein, given that both of these proteins cause increased autophagosome biogenesis and compromised lysosomal activity. Importantly, partial depletion of autophagosome machinery proteins Atg16L1 and Beclin 1 significantly ameliorated cell death in these conditions. Our data suggest that production/accumulation of autophagosomes subsequently unfused to lysosomes (or accumulation of autophagosomes) directly induces cellular toxicity, and this process may be implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, lowering the accumulation of autophagosomes may represent a therapeutic strategy for tackling such diseases. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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