Molecular detection, histopathological analysis, and immunohistochemical characterization of equine infectious anemia virus in naturally infected equids
Autor: | Francielli Martins Souto, Matheus V. L. Moreira, Bruna Lopes Bueno, Grazielle Cossenzo Florentino Galinari, Juliana Marques Bicalho, Jenner Karlisson Pimenta dos Reis, Roselene Ecco, Raphael Mattoso Victor, Rebeca Jéssica Falcão Câmara |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
animal diseases
viruses Spleen Biology Kidney Polymerase Chain Reaction Virus Equine infectious anemia 03 medical and health sciences Immune system Antigen Virology medicine Animals Serologic Tests Horses Antigens Viral Lung 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences 030306 microbiology virus diseases Epithelial Cells General Medicine biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition biology.organism_classification Equine Infectious Anemia medicine.anatomical_structure Liver DNA Viral Leukocytes Mononuclear biology.protein Tissue tropism Antibody Brazil Immunostaining Infectious Anemia Virus Equine |
Zdroj: | Archives of Virology. 165:1333-1342 |
ISSN: | 1432-8798 0304-8608 |
Popis: | Equine infectious anemia (EIA), a disease caused by equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), is considered an obstacle to the development of the horse industry. There is no treatment or vaccine available for EIA, and its pathogenesis, as well as the immune response against the virus, is not fully understood. Therefore, an immunohistochemistry assay was developed for the detection of viral antigens in tissues of equids naturally infected with EIAV. Sections of organs of six equids from Apodi-RN, Brazil, that tested positive for EIA by serological tests (ELISA and AGID) were fixed in 10% formalin solution and embedded in paraffin. Immunohistochemistry was performed using a polyclonal anti-EIAV antibody. EIAV antigens were observed in red spleen pulp cells and hepatic sinusoids, as well as bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells of the lungs and proximal and distal tubules of the kidneys. The presence of EIAV in the spleen and liver was expected due to viral tropism by macrophages, which are abundantly present in these organs. However, EIAV was also found in lung and kidney epithelial cells, indicating that the virus infects cell types other than macrophages. In conclusion, the immunohistochemical assay standardized in this study was able to detect EIAV antigens in spleen, liver, kidney and lung cells from naturally infected EIAV equids. Immunostaining observed in the spleen confirms viral tropism by mononuclear phagocytes; however, the presence of EIAV in lung and kidney epithelial cells indicates that virus may be eliminated in urine and/or oronasal secretions, suggesting new routes for viral excretion. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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