Superior tissue evolution in slow-degrading scaffolds for valvular tissue engineering
Autor: | R. Sarita Soekhradj-Soechit, Fpt Frank Baaijens, Cvc Carlijn Bouten, Daphne van Geemen, Marieke Brugmans, Anita Anita Driessen-Mol, Maj Martijn Cox |
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Přispěvatelé: | Soft Tissue Biomech. & Tissue Eng., Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems |
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Scaffold
Polyesters 0206 medical engineering Biomedical Engineering Bioengineering 02 engineering and technology Absorption (skin) Biochemistry Biomaterials Extracellular matrix Tissue engineering medicine Humans Heart valve Cells Cultured Tissue Engineering Tissue Scaffolds Chemistry Regeneration (biology) 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 020601 biomedical engineering Heart Valves In vitro Polyester medicine.anatomical_structure 0210 nano-technology Polyglycolic Acid Biomedical engineering |
Zdroj: | Tissue engineering. Part A, 22(1-2), 123-132. Mary Ann Liebert Inc. |
ISSN: | 1937-3341 |
Popis: | Synthetic polymers are widely used to fabricate porous scaffolds for the regeneration of cardiovascular tissues. To ensure mechanical integrity, a balance between the rate of scaffold absorption and tissue formation is of high importance. A higher rate of tissue formation is expected in fast-degrading materials than in slow-degrading materials. This could be a result of synthetic cells, which aim to compensate for the fast loss of mechanical integrity of the scaffold by deposition of collagen fibers. Here, we studied the effect of fast-degrading polyglycolic acid scaffolds coated with poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (PGA-P4HB) and slow-degrading poly-caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds on amount of tissue, composition, and mechanical characteristics in time, and compared these engineered values with values for native human heart valves. Electrospun PGA-P4HB and PCL scaffolds were either kept unseeded in culture or were seeded with human vascular-derived cells. Tissue formation, extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, remaining scaffold weight, tissue-to-scaffold weight ratio, and mechanical properties were analyzed every week up to 6 weeks. Mass of unseeded PCL scaffolds remained stable during culture, whereas PGA-P4HB scaffolds degraded rapidly. When seeded with cells, both scaffold types demonstrated increasing amounts of tissue with time, which was more pronounced for PGA-P4HB-based tissues during the first 2 weeks; however, PCL-based tissues resulted in the highest amount of tissue after 6 weeks. This study is the first to provide insight into the tissue-to-scaffold weight ratio, therewith allowing for a fair comparison between engineered tissues cultured on scaffolds as well as between native heart valve tissues. Although the absolute amount of ECM components differed between the engineered tissues, the ratio between ECM components was similar after 6 weeks. PCL-based tissues maintained their shape, whereas the PGA-P4HB-based tissues deformed during culture. After 6 weeks, PCL-based engineered tissues showed amounts of cells and ECM that were comparable to the number of human native heart valve leaflets, whereas values were lower in the PGA-P4HB-based tissues. Although increasing in time, the number of collagen crosslinks were below native values in all engineered tissues. In conclusion, this study indicates that slow-degrading scaffold materials are favored over fast-degrading materials to create organized ECM-rich tissues in vitro, which keep their three-dimensional structure before implantation. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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