Identification and Characterization of Two Novel Staphylococcal Enterotoxins, Types S and T
| Autor: | Akio Nakane, Hisaya K. Ono, Yoshihiro Iwakabe, Takehiko Uchiyama, Naoyuki Saito, Ken'ichi Imanishi, Dong-Liang Hu, Hidehito Kato, Kunihiro Shinagawa, Katsuhiko Omoe |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Staphylococcus aureus
T-Lymphocytes Molecular Sequence Data Immunology Enterotoxin Biology Lymphocyte Activation Major histocompatibility complex medicine.disease_cause Microbiology law.invention Enterotoxins law Superantigen medicine Animals Humans Receptor Phylogeny MHC class II Superantigens Base Sequence Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Toxin Shrews Histocompatibility Antigens Class II Molecular Pathogenesis Macaca fascicularis Infectious Diseases biology.protein Recombinant DNA Parasitology Staphylococcal Food Poisoning |
| Zdroj: | Infection and Immunity. 76:4999-5005 |
| ISSN: | 1098-5522 0019-9567 |
| Popis: | In addition to two known staphylococcal enterotoxin-like genes (seljandselr), two novel genes coding for two superantigens, staphylococcal enterotoxins S and T (SES and SET), were identified in plasmid pF5, which is harbored by food poisoning-relatedStaphylococcus aureusstrain Fukuoka 5. This strain was implicated in a food poisoning incident in Fukuoka City, Japan, in 1997. Recombinant SES (rSES) specifically stimulated human T cells in a T-cell receptor Vβ9- and Vβ16-specific manner in the presence of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+antigen-presenting cells (APC). rSET also stimulated T cells in the presence of MHC class II+APC, although its Vβ skewing was not found in reactive T cells. Subsequently, we examined the emetic activity of SES and SET. We also studied SElR to determine emetic activity in primates. This toxin was identified in previous studies but was not examined in terms of possession of emetic activity for primates. rSES induced emetic reactions in two of four monkeys at a dose of 100 μg/kg within 5 h of intragastric administration. In one monkey, rSET induced a delayed reaction (24 h postadministration) at a dose of 100 μg/kg, and in the other one, the reaction occurred 5 days postadministration. rSElR induced a reaction in two of six animals within 5 h at 100 μg/kg. On this basis, we speculate that the causative toxins of vomiting in the Fukuoka case are SES and SER. Additionally, SES, SER, and SET also induced emesis in house musk shrews as in the monkeys. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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