Evolutionary and population (epi)genetics of immunity to infection

Autor: Lluis Quintana-Murci, Luis B. Barreiro
Přispěvatelé: The University of Chicago Medicine [Chicago], Génétique Evolutive Humaine - Human Evolutionary Genetics, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work has been supported by grants NIH R01-GM115656 and R01-GM134376 to L.B.B, and by the Institut Pasteur, the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program, Laboratoires d’Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infec-tious Diseases' (ANR-10- LABX-62-IBEID) and 'Milieu Intérieur' (ANR-10-LABX-69-01), and the Fondation pour la Recherche Médi-cale (Equipe FRM DEQ20180339214) to L.Q.-M, ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-10-LABX-0069,MILIEU INTERIEUR,GENETIC & ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF IMMUNE PHENOTYPE VARIANCE: ESTABLISHING A PATH TOWARDS PERSONALIZED MEDICINE(2010), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collège de France - Chaire Génomique humaine et évolution, Collège de France (CdF (institution))
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Human Genetics
Human Genetics, Springer Verlag, 2020, 139 (6-7), pp.723-732. ⟨10.1007/s00439-020-02167-x⟩
Hum Genet
Human Genetics, 2020, 139 (6-7), pp.723-732. ⟨10.1007/s00439-020-02167-x⟩
ISSN: 0340-6717
1432-1203
DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02167-x⟩
Popis: International audience; Immune response is one of the functions that have been more strongly targeted by natural selection during human evolution. The evolutionary genetic dissection of the immune system has greatly helped to distinguish genes and functions that are essential, redundant or advantageous for human survival. It is also becoming increasingly clear that admixture between early Eurasians with now-extinct hominins such as Neanderthals or Denisovans, or admixture between modern human populations, can be beneficial for human adaptation to pathogen pressures. In this review, we discuss how the integration of population genetics with functional genomics in diverse human populations can inform about the changes in immune functions related to major lifestyle transitions (e.g., from hunting and gathering to farming), the action of natural selection to the evolution of the immune system, and the history of past epidemics. We also highlight the need of expanding the characterization of the immune system to a larger array of human populations-particularly neglected human groups historically exposed to different pathogen pressures-to fully capture the relative contribution of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors to immune response variation in humans.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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