Gene expression studies in kiwifruit and gene over-expression in Arabidopsis indicates that GDP-L-galactose guanyltransferase is a major control point of vitamin C biosynthesis
| Autor: | Dana Hoser, Maysoon Rassam, William A. Laing, Nicole Schünemann, Wolfgang Otto, Sean Bulley, Elspeth A. MacRae, Michele A. Wright, Andrew P. Gleave |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
over-expression
Genotype Physiology Actinidia Arabidopsis vitamin C Ascorbic Acid Plant Science Genes Plant Polymerase Chain Reaction GDP-L-galactose guanyltransferase Transformation Genetic Gene Expression Regulation Plant Tobacco Gene expression Arabidopsis thaliana Gene Actinidia deliciosa Regulation of gene expression biology Gene Expression Regulation Developmental biology.organism_classification Ascorbic acid Research Papers Nucleotidyltransferases digestive system diseases Plant Leaves surgical procedures operative Ascorbate biosynthesis Biochemistry Fruit gene expression GDP mannose epimerase Oxidation-Reduction Inositol |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Experimental Botany |
| ISSN: | 1460-2431 0022-0957 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/jxb/ern327 |
| Popis: | Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, AsA) is an essential metabolite for plants and animals. Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) are a rich dietary source of AsA for humans. To understand AsA biosynthesis in kiwifruit, AsA levels and the relative expression of genes putatively involved in AsA biosynthesis, regeneration, and transport were correlated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in leaves and during fruit development in four kiwifruit genotypes (three species; A. eriantha, A. chinensis, and A. deliciosa). During fruit development, fruit AsA concentration peaked between 4 and 6 weeks after anthesis with A. eriantha having 3-16-fold higher AsA than other genotypes. The rise in AsA concentration typically occurred close to the peak in expression of the L-galactose pathway biosynthetic genes, particularly the GDP-L-galactose guanyltransferase gene. The high concentration of AsA found in the fruit of A. eriantha is probably due to higher expression of the GDP-mannose-3',5'-epimerase and GDP-L-galactose guanyltransferase genes. Over-expression of the kiwifruit GDP-L-galactose guanyltransferase gene in Arabidopsis resulted in up to a 4-fold increase in AsA, while up to a 7-fold increase in AsA was observed in transient expression studies where both GDP-L-galactose guanyltransferase and GDP-mannose-3',5'-epimerase genes were co-expressed. These studies show the importance of GDP-L-galactose guanyltransferase as a rate-limiting step to AsA, and demonstrate how AsA can be significantly increased in plants. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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