The microbiome in prostate inflammation and prostate cancer
| Autor: | Corey M. Porter, Karen S. Sfanos, Lauren B. Peiffer, Eva Shrestha |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine Cancer Research Urology Prostatic Hyperplasia Prostatitis Disease Bioinformatics Xenobiotics 03 medical and health sciences Prostate cancer 0302 clinical medicine Prostate medicine Humans Microbiome business.industry Microbiota Human microbiome Prostatic Neoplasms Cancer medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Oncology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Disease Progression business Dysbiosis |
| Zdroj: | Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases. 21:345-354 |
| ISSN: | 1476-5608 1365-7852 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41391-018-0041-1 |
| Popis: | The human microbiome may influence prostate cancer initiation and/or progression through both direct and indirect interactions. To date, the majority of studies have focused on direct interactions including the influence of prostate infections on prostate cancer risk and, more recently, on the composition of the urinary microbiome in relation to prostate cancer. Less well understood are indirect interactions of the microbiome with prostate cancer, such as the influence of the gastrointestinal or oral microbiota on pro- or anti-carcinogenic xenobiotic metabolism, and treatment response. We review the literature to date on direct and indirect interactions of the microbiome with prostate inflammation and prostate cancer. Emerging studies indicate that the microbiome can influence prostate inflammation in relation to benign prostate conditions such as prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia, as well as in prostate cancer. We provide evidence that the human microbiome present at multiple anatomic sites (urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity, etc.) may play an important role in prostate health and disease. In health, the microbiome encourages homeostasis and helps educate the immune system. In dysbiosis, a systemic inflammatory state may be induced, predisposing remote anatomical sites to disease, including cancer. The microbiome’s ability to affect systemic hormone levels may also be important, particularly in a disease such as prostate cancer that is dually affected by estrogen and androgen levels. Due to the complexity of the potential interconnectedness between prostate cancer and the microbiome, it is vital to further explore and understand the relationships that are involved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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