AKR1B10 Inhibitor Epalrestat Facilitates Sorafenib-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy Via Targeting the mTOR Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
| Autor: | Yurong Li, Nan Geng, Yuanyuan Jin, Han Bai, Shixuan Zhu |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Sorafenib
autophagy Cell cycle checkpoint Rhodanine Cell Survival Blotting Western Fluorescent Antibody Technique Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine AKR1B10 Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols medicine In Situ Nick-End Labeling Humans neoplasms PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway Epalrestat Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 member B10 Chemistry Cell growth TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases Autophagy apoptosis General Medicine hepatocellular carcinoma Cell Cycle Checkpoints Hep G2 Cells Cell cycle Immunohistochemistry digestive system diseases mTOR signalling pathway Apoptosis Cancer research Heterografts Thiazolidines 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology medicine.drug Research Paper |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Medical Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1449-1907 |
| Popis: | Sorafenib is the standard systemic treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and improving its therapeutic effects is crucial for addressing cancer aggression. We previously reported that epalrestat, an aldo-keto reductase 1B10 inhibitor, enhanced sorafenib's inhibitory effects on HCC xenograft in nude mice. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of epalrestat's anti-tumour enhancing effects on sorafenib. HepG2 cells were treated with sorafenib, epalrestat, and their combination. Cell proliferation was assessed with Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays. AKR1B10 supernate concentration and enzyme activity were detected by ELISA assay and the decrease of optical density of NADPH at 340 nm. Cell cycle and apoptosis analyses were performed with flow cytometry. Western blots clarified the molecular mechanism underlying effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy. The anti-tumour mechanism was then validated in vivo through TUNEL and immunohistochemistry staining of HCC xenograft sections. Epalrestat combined with sorafenib inhibited HepG2 cellular proliferation in vitro, arrested the cell cycle at G0/G1, and promoted apoptosis and autophagy. Treatment with a specific mTOR activator MHY-1485 increased mTOR phosphorylation, while suppressing apoptosis and autophagy. Consistent with in vitro results, data from the HCC-xenograft nude mouse model also indicated that combined treatment inhibited the mTOR pathway and promoted apoptosis and autophagy. In conclusion, epalrestat heightens sorafenib's anti-cancer effects via blocking the mTOR pathway, thus inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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