5th National Audit Project (NAP5) on accidental awareness during general anaesthesia: summary of main findings and risk factors
| Autor: | Anahita Kirkpatrick, Ian Barker, J. J. Radcliffe, David A. Smith, Kevin C. O’Connor, E.P. O’Sullivan, A. F. Nimmo, Nuala Lucas, D.G. Bogod, Karthikeyen Poonnusamy, Ravi Mahajan, J. Hainsworth, Abhiram Mallick, Jaideep J. Pandit, W. R. Jonker, Felicity Plaat, Jackie Andrade, Mary Casserly, Alison Eddy, M. R. J. Sury, William Harrop-Griffiths, Ramani Moonesinghe, Jayne Molodynski, Jonathan Bird, M. Wang, J. Hitchman, James Armstrong, J. Rangasami, Paul Ray, Tim Cook, H.E. Torevell, Nicholas Love, Maddy Humphrey, Jonathan H. Mackay, David Weatherill, J.H.M.G. Palmer, Sharon Drake |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_treatment Conscious Sedation Drug Resistance Intraoperative Awareness Pregnancy Risk Factors General anaesthesia Child Aged 80 and over Medical Errors Incidence (epidemiology) Incidence Middle Aged Rapid sequence induction Checklist Child Preschool Anesthesia Intravenous Neuromuscular Blockade Female Adult Patient Transfer medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Critical Care Anesthesia General Young Adult Age Distribution Consciousness Monitors medicine Anesthesia Obstetrical Humans Caesarean section Obesity Intensive care medicine Aged Denominator data business.industry Syringes Body Weight Infant United Kingdom Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Accidental Health Care Surveys Emergency medicine Anesthesia Recovery Period business Ireland |
| Zdroj: | British journal of anaesthesia. 113(4) |
| ISSN: | 1471-6771 |
| Popis: | We present the main findings of the 5th National Audit Project (NAP5) on accidental awareness during general anaesthesia (AAGA). Incidences were estimated using reports of accidental awareness as the numerator, and a parallel national anaesthetic activity survey to provide denominator data. The incidence of certain/probable and possible accidental awareness cases was ~1:19,600 anaesthetics (95% confidence interval 1:16,700-23,450). However, there was considerable variation across subtypes of techniques or subspecialities. The incidence with neuromuscular block (NMB) was ~1:8200 (1:7030-9700), and without, it was ~1:135,900 (1:78,600-299,000). The cases of AAGA reported to NAP5 were overwhelmingly cases of unintended awareness during NMB. The incidence of accidental awareness during Caesarean section was ~1:670 (1:380-1300). Two-thirds (82, 66%) of cases of accidental awareness experiences arose in the dynamic phases of anaesthesia, namely induction of and emergence from anaesthesia. During induction of anaesthesia, contributory factors included: use of thiopental, rapid sequence induction, obesity, difficult airway management, NMB, and interruptions of anaesthetic delivery during movement from anaesthetic room to theatre. During emergence from anaesthesia, residual paralysis was perceived by patients as accidental awareness, and commonly related to a failure to ensure full return of motor capacity. One-third (43, 33%) of accidental awareness events arose during the maintenance phase of anaesthesia, mostly due to problems at induction or towards the end of anaesthesia. Factors increasing the risk of accidental awareness included: female sex, age (younger adults, but not children), obesity, anaesthetist seniority (junior trainees), previous awareness, out-of-hours operating, emergencies, type of surgery (obstetric, cardiac, thoracic), and use of NMB. The following factors were not risk factors for accidental awareness: ASA physical status, race, and use or omission of nitrous oxide. We recommend that an anaesthetic checklist, to be an integral part of the World Health Organization Safer Surgery checklist, is introduced as an aid to preventing accidental awareness. This paper is a shortened version describing the main findings from NAP5--the full report can be found at http://www.nationalauditprojects.org.uk/NAP5_home. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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