Correlation of the Commercial Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain Antibody Test with the Chemiluminescent Reduction Neutralizing Test and Possible Detection of Antibodies to Emerging Variants
| Autor: | Hitoshi Kawasuji, Akitoshi Ueno, Kentaro Nagaoka, Takashi Fujimura, Makito Kaneda, Rei Yasukochi, Yoshihiro Yoshida, Yuki Miyajima, Yumiko Saga, Yushi Murai, Yasutaka Fukui, Emiko Igarashi, Kazunori Oishi, Hideki Tani, Satoshi Nomura, Yasushi Terasaki, Chikako Ono, Yoshiharu Matsuura, Yoichi Ishida, Yoshitomo Morinaga, Takahisa Shimada, Yoshihiro Yamamoto |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Physiology Antibodies Viral Neutralization law.invention Serology Correlation law Medicine Ecology biology Middle Aged QR1-502 Titer Infectious Diseases Female Antibody receptor-binding domain Binding domain Research Article Protein Binding Microbiology (medical) Adult Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Vaccine Efficacy high throughput Microbiology COVID-19 Serological Testing Young Adult Immune system Immunity Neutralization Tests Genetics Humans Viral Pseudotyping neutralizing antibodies Seroconversion seroconversion Chemiluminescence Aged General Immunology and Microbiology business.industry SARS-CoV-2 convalescent COVID-19 Cell Biology Vaccine efficacy Virology Antibodies Neutralizing biology.protein business |
| Zdroj: | Microbiology Spectrum Microbiology Spectrum, Vol 9, Iss 3 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2165-0497 |
| Popis: | Serological tests are beneficial for recognizing the immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). To identify protective immunity, optimization of the chemiluminescent reduction neutralizing test (CRNT) is critical. Whether commercial antibody tests have comparable accuracy is unknown. Serum samples were obtained from COVID-19 patients (n = 74), SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negative (n = 179), and suspected healthy individuals (n = 229) before SARS-CoV-2 variants had been detected locally. The convalescent phase was defined as the period after day 10 from disease onset or the episode of close contact. The CRNT using pseudotyped viruses displaying the wild-type (WT) spike protein and a commercial anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibody test were assayed. Serology for the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants was also assayed. Both tests concurred for symptomatic COVID-19 patients in the convalescent phase. They clearly differentiated between patients and suspected healthy individuals (sensitivity: 95.8% and 100%, respectively; specificity: 99.1% and 100%, respectively). Anti-RBD antibody test results correlated with neutralizing titers (r = 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22–0.38). Compared with the WT, lower CRNT values were observed for the variants. Of the samples with ≥100 U/mL by the anti-RBD antibody test, 77.8% and 88.9% showed ≥50% neutralization against the B.1.1.7 and the B.1.351 variants, respectively. Exceeding 100 U/mL in the anti-RBD antibody test was associated with neutralization of variants (P < 0.01). The CRNT and commercial anti-RBD antibody test effectively classified convalescent COVID-19 patients. Strong positive results with the anti-RBD antibody test can reflect neutralizing activity against emerging variants. IMPORTANCE This study provides a diagnostic evidence of test validity, which can lead to vaccine efficacy and proof of recovery after COVID-19. It is not easy to know neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 in the clinical laboratory because of technical and biohazard issues. The correlation of the quantitative anti-receptor-binding domain antibody test, which is widely available, with neutralizing test indicates that we can know indirectly the state of acquisition of functional immunity against wild and variant-type viruses in the clinical laboratory. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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