Long term exposure to low level air pollution and mortality in eight European cohorts within the ELAPSE project: Pooled analysis

Autor: Karin Leander, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, W M Monique Verschuren, Hans Concin, Francesco Forastiere, Ulla Arthur Hvidtfeldt, Debora Rizzuto, Torben Sigsgaard, Bente Oftedal, Massimo Stafoggia, Gianluca Severi, Evangelia Samoli, Gerard Hoek, Petter Ljungman, Jeanette Therming Jørgensen, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Matthias Ketzel, Jørgen Brandt, Terese Bekkevold, Shuo Liu, Jie Chen, Maciej Strak, Gabriele Nagel, Matteo Renzi, Gudrun Weinmayr, Anne Tjønneland, Ole Hertel, John S. Gulliver, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Bert Brunekreef, Danielle Vienneau, Kathrin Wolf, Göran Pershagen, Amar Mehta, Annette Peters, Daniela Fecht, Nicole A.H. Janssen, Kees de Hoogh, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Giulia Cesaroni, Tom Bellander, Sophia Rodopoulou, Mette Sørensen, Mariska Bauwelinck, Jochem O. Klompmaker, Sara Schramm, Richard Atkinson, Klea Katsouyanni, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Anton Lager, Barbara Hoffmann
Přispěvatelé: Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences and Solvay Business School, Sociology, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA: R-82811201, Health Effects Institute, HEI: 4954-RFA14-3/16-5-3, Funding: This work was supported by Health Effects Institute (HEI) research agreement (grant No 4954-RFA14-3/16-5-3). Research described in this article was conducted under contract to the HEI, an organisation jointly funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (assistance award No R-82811201) and certain motor vehicle and engine manufacturers. The contents of this article do not necessarily reflect the views of HEI, or its sponsors, nor do they necessarily reflect the views and policies of the EPA or motor vehicle and engine manufacturers. Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at http://www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf and declare: support from the Health Effects Institute for the submitted work, no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years, no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. Ethical approval: All included cohort studies were approved by the medical ethics committees in their respective countries. Data sharing: No additional data available. The corresponding author affirms that the manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported, that no important aspects of the study have been omitted, and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained.
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Air pollution
Medizin
010501 environmental sciences
medicine.disease_cause
NO2
01 natural sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality
media_common
ASSOCIATIONS
RISK
Air Pollutants
education.field_of_study
O-3
General Medicine
Environmental exposure
Air Pollution/adverse effects
3. Good health
Europe
Cardiovascular Diseases
FINE PARTICULATE MATTER
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Pollution
Ozone
media_common.quotation_subject
Population
MODELS
PM2.5
1117 Public Health and Health Services
03 medical and health sciences
Medicine
General & Internal
Air Pollution
Environmental health
General & Internal Medicine
medicine
Air Pollutants/adverse effects
media_common.cataloged_instance
Humans
European union
Noncommunicable Diseases/mortality
Noncommunicable Diseases
education
Air quality index
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Science & Technology
STABILITY
business.industry
Research
1103 Clinical Sciences
Environmental Exposure
GLOBAL BURDEN
Confidence interval
chemistry
13. Climate action
business
CANADIAN CENSUS HEALTH
Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
Zdroj: BMJ 374:n1904 (2021)
The BMJ
Strak, M, Weinmayr, G, Rodopoulou, S, Chen, J, de Hoogh, K, Andersen, Z J, Atkinson, R, Bauwelinck, M, Bekkevold, T, Bellander, T, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Brandt, J, Cesaroni, G, Concin, H, Fecht, D, Forastiere, F, Gulliver, J, Hertel, O, Hoffmann, B, Hvidtfeldt, U A, Janssen, N A H, Jockel, K-H, Jorgensen, J, Ketzel, M, Klompmaker, J, Lager, A, Leander, K, Liu, S, Ljungman, P, Magnusson, P K E, Mehta, A J, Nagel, G, Oftedal, B, Pershagen, G, Peters, A, Raaschou-Nielsen, O, Renzi, M, Rizzuto, D, Schouw, Y T V D, Schramm, S, Severi, G, Sigsgaard, T, Sørensen, M, Stafoggia, M, Tjonneland, A, Verschuren, W M M, Vienneau, D, Wolf, K, Katsouyanni, K, Brunekreef, B, Hoek, G & Samoli, E 2021, ' Long term exposure to low level air pollution and mortality in eight European cohorts within the ELAPSE project : pooled analysis ', B M J, vol. 374, 1904 . https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1904
Strak, M, Weinmayr, G, Rodopoulou, S, Chen, J, de Hoogh, K, Andersen, Z J, Atkinson, R, Bauwelinck, M, Bekkevold, T, Bellander, T, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Brandt, J, Cesaroni, G, Concin, H, Fecht, D, Forastiere, F, Gulliver, J, Hertel, O, Hoffmann, B, Hvidtfeldt, U A, Janssen, N A H, Jöckel, K-H, Jørgensen, J T, Ketzel, M, Klompmaker, J O, Lager, A, Leander, K, Liu, S, Ljungman, P, Magnusson, P K E, Mehta, A J, Nagel, G, Oftedal, B, Pershagen, G, Peters, A, Raaschou-Nielsen, O, Renzi, M, Rizzuto, D, van der Schouw, Y T, Schramm, S, Severi, G, Sigsgaard, T, Sørensen, M, Stafoggia, M, Tjønneland, A, Verschuren, W M M, Vienneau, D, Wolf, K, Katsouyanni, K, Brunekreef, B, Hoek, G & Samoli, E 2021, ' Long term exposure to low level air pollution and mortality in eight European cohorts within the ELAPSE project : pooled analysis ', BMJ (Clinical research ed.), vol. 374, n1904 . https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1904
The BMJ, 2021, 374, ⟨10.1136/bmj.n1904⟩
ISSN: 0959-8146
1756-1833
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n1904
Popis: Objective To investigate the associations between air pollution and mortality, focusing on associations below current European Union, United States, and World Health Organization standards and guidelines. Design Pooled analysis of eight cohorts. Setting Multicentre project Effects of Low-Level Air Pollution: A Study in Europe (ELAPSE) in six European countries. Participants 325 367 adults from the general population recruited mostly in the 1990s or 2000s with detailed lifestyle data. Stratified Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyse the associations between air pollution and mortality. Western Europe-wide land use regression models were used to characterise residential air pollution concentrations of ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and black carbon. Main outcome measures Deaths due to natural causes and cause specific mortality. Results Of 325 367 adults followed-up for an average of 19.5 years, 47 131 deaths were observed. Higher exposure to PM 2.5 , nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon was associated with significantly increased risk of almost all outcomes. An increase of 5 µg/m 3 in PM 2.5 was associated with 13% (95% confidence interval 10.6% to 15.5%) increase in natural deaths; the corresponding figure for a 10 µg/m 3 increase in nitrogen dioxide was 8.6% (7% to 10.2%). Associations with PM 2.5 , nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon remained significant at low concentrations. For participants with exposures below the US standard of 12 µg/m 3 an increase of 5 µg/m 3 in PM 2.5 was associated with 29.6% (14% to 47.4%) increase in natural deaths. Conclusions Our study contributes to the evidence that outdoor air pollution is associated with mortality even at low pollution levels below the current European and North American standards and WHO guideline values. These findings are therefore an important contribution to the debate about revision of air quality limits, guidelines, and standards, and future assessments by the Global Burden of Disease.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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