Light penetration structures the deep acoustic scattering layers in the global ocean
| Autor: | Anders Røstad, Stein Kaartvedt, Udane Martinez, Xabier Irigoien, Dag L. Aksnes, Carlos M. Duarte |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
ATLANTIC
0106 biological sciences Water mass Daytime 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Mesopelagic zone Flux light penetration Biology 01 natural sciences complex mixtures FISH Deep scattering layer 14. Life underwater Optical depth Research Articles 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Marine snow VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION SEA Multidisciplinary 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology deep scattering layers Marine Ecology food and beverages SciAdv r-articles Pelagic zone vertical distribution global distribution MARINE SNOW OXYGEN DEPLETION Oceanography mesopelagic fishes 13. Climate action COASTAL WATER dissolved oxygen DEPTH DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER CALIFORNIA CURRENT Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Science Advances Aksnes, D L, Rostad, A, Kaartvedt, S, Martinez, U, Duarte, C M & Irigoien, X 2017, ' Light penetration structures the deep acoustic scattering layers in the global ocean ', Science Advances, vol. 3, no. 5, 1602468 . https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1602468 |
| ISSN: | 2375-2548 |
| DOI: | 10.1126/sciadv.1602468 |
| Popis: | The depth distribution of a major marine biomass component is determined by variation in water clarity. The deep scattering layer (DSL) is a ubiquitous acoustic signature found across all oceans and arguably the dominant feature structuring the pelagic open ocean ecosystem. It is formed by mesopelagic fishes and pelagic invertebrates. The DSL animals are an important food source for marine megafauna and contribute to the biological carbon pump through the active flux of organic carbon transported in their daily vertical migrations. They occupy depths from 200 to 1000 m at daytime and migrate to a varying degree into surface waters at nighttime. Their daytime depth, which determines the migration amplitude, varies across the global ocean in concert with water mass properties, in particular the oxygen regime, but the causal underpinning of these correlations has been unclear. We present evidence that the broad variability in the oceanic DSL daytime depth observed during the Malaspina 2010 Circumnavigation Expedition is governed by variation in light penetration. We find that the DSL depth distribution conforms to a common optical depth layer across the global ocean and that a correlation between dissolved oxygen and light penetration provides a parsimonious explanation for the association of shallow DSL distributions with hypoxic waters. In enhancing understanding of this phenomenon, our results should improve the ability to predict and model the dynamics of one of the largest animal biomass components on earth, with key roles in the oceanic biological carbon pump and food web. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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