Ecological speciation in postglacialE uropean whitefish: rapid adaptive radiations into the littoral, pelagic, and profundal lake habitats
| Autor: | Markku Karhunen, Anna Siwertsson, Otso Ovaskainen, Per-Arne Amundsen, Kim Præbel, Rune Knudsen, Svein-Erik Fevolden, Kimmo K. Kahilainen, Kjartan Østbye, Stefano Peruzzi |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Biosciences, Centre of Excellence in Metapopulation Research, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences, Kilpisjärvi Biological Station, Financial and Macroeconometrics |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488
0106 biological sciences Sympatry VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Limnologi: 498 reproductive isolation education phenotype–genotype correlation Allopatric speciation Zoology phenotype – genotype correlation Coregonus lavaretus Biology 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Gill raker Ecological speciation VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 03 medical and health sciences Profundal zone 14. Life underwater gill raker Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Original Research 030304 developmental biology Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecological niche VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920 0303 health sciences Ecology Reproductive isolation VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Limnology: 498 postglacial fish Sympatric speciation 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology |
| Zdroj: | Ecology and Evolution Ecology and evolution |
| ISSN: | 2045-7758 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/ece3.867 |
| Popis: | This article is also available at onlinelibrary.wiley.com Understanding how a monophyletic lineage of a species diverges into several adaptive forms has received increased attention in recent years, but the underly- ing mechanisms in this process are still under debate. Postglacial fishes are excellent model organisms for exploring this process, especially the initial stages of ecological speciation, as postglacial lakes represent replicated discrete envi- ronments with variation in available niches. Here, we combine data of niche utilization, trophic morphology, and 17 microsatellite loci to investigate the diversification process of three sympatric European whitefish morphs from three northern Fennoscandian lakes. The morphological divergence in the gill raker number among the whitefish morphs was related to the utilization of dif- ferent trophic niches and was associated with reproductive isolation within and across lakes. The intralacustrine comparison of whitefish morphs showed that these systems represent two levels of adaptive divergence: (1) a consistent littoral – pelagic resource axis; and (2) a more variable littoral – profundal resource axis. The results also indicate that the profundal whitefish morph has diverged repeatedly from the ancestral littoral whitefish morph in sympatry in two different watercourses. In contrast, all the analyses performed revealed clus- tering of the pelagic whitefish morphs across lakes suggesting parallel postglacial immigration with the littoral whitefish morph into each lake. Finally, the analy- ses strongly suggested that the trophic adaptive trait, number of gill rakers, was under diversifying selection in the different whitefish morphs. Together, the results support a complex evolutionary scenario where ecological speciation acts, but where both allopatric (colonization history) and sympatric (within watercourse divergence) processes are involved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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