Removal of non-point source pollutants from domestic sewage and agricultural runoff by vegetated drainage ditches (VDDs): Design, mechanism, management strategies, and future directions
| Autor: | Lunda Ilunga, Fangang Meng, Matthew T. Moore, Mathieu Nsenga Kumwimba, Wang Tao, Bo Zhu, Tang Jia Liang, Oluwayinka Iseyemi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Ditch Sewage Environment 010501 environmental sciences Waste Disposal Fluid 01 natural sciences Environmental protection Environmental Chemistry Pesticides Drainage Waste Management and Disposal Nonpoint source pollution 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Pollutant geography geography.geographical_feature_category business.industry Agriculture Phosphorus 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Pollution Wastewater 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Terrestrial ecosystem Water quality business Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Science of The Total Environment. 639:742-759 |
| ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
| Popis: | Domestic wastewater and agricultural runoff are increasingly viewed as major threats to both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems due to the introduction of non-point source inorganic (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus and metals) and organic (e.g., pesticides and pharmaceutical residues) pollutants. With rapid economic growth and social change in rural regions, it is important to examine the treatment systems in rural and remote areas for high efficiency, low running costs, and minimal maintenance in order to minimize its influence on water bodies and biodiversity. Recently, the use of vegetated drainage ditches (VDDs) has been employed in treatment of domestic sewage and agricultural runoff, but information on the performance of VDDs for treating these pollutants with various new management practices is still not sufficiently summarized. This paper aims to outline and review current knowledge related to the use of VDDs in mitigating these pollutants from domestic sewage and agricultural runoff. Literature analysis has suggested that further research should be carried out to improve ditch characteristics and management strategies inside ditches in order to ensure their effectiveness. Firstly, the reported major ditch characteristics with the most effect on pollutant removal processes (e.g., plant species, weirs, biofilms, and substrates selection) were summarized. The second focus concerns the function of ditch characteristics in VDDs for pollutant removal and identification of possible removal mechanisms involved. Thirdly, we examined factors to consider for establishing appropriate management strategies within ditches and how these could influence the whole ditch design process. The current review promotes areas where future research is needed and highlights clear and sufficient evidence regarding performance and application of this overlooked ditch system to reduce pollutants. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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