Transmission of a Gammabaculovirus within Cohorts of Balsam Fir Sawfly (Neodiprion abietis) Larvae
| Autor: | Roger Graves, Dan T. Quiring, Christopher J. Lucarotti |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Balsam Diprionidae Veterinary medicine animal structures Hymenoptera 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Article Botany parasitic diseases disease transmission Gammabaculovirus balsam fir sawfly lcsh:Science disease transmission Larva biology fungi Abies balsamea biology.organism_classification 3. Good health 010602 entomology Sawfly pest management Neodiprion abietis Insect Science Instar lcsh:Q human activities nucleopolyhedrovirus |
| Zdroj: | Insects, Vol 3, Iss 4, Pp 989-1000 (2012) Insects Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 989-1000 |
| ISSN: | 2075-4450 |
| Popis: | Nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPV: Gammabaculovirus: Baculoviridae) of diprionid sawflies (Diprionidae: Hymenoptera) are highly host specific and only infect the midgut epithelium. While still alive, infected sawfly larvae excrete NPV-laden diarrhea that contaminates food sources. The diarrhea can then be consumed by conspecific larvae, resulting in rapid horizontal transmission of the virus. To better understand the efficacy of Gammabaculovirus-based biological control products, the horizontal spread of such a virus (NeabNPV) within cohorts of balsam fir sawfly (Neodiprion abietis) larvae was studied by introducing NeabNPV-treated larvae into single-cohort groups at densities similar to those observed during the increasing (field study) and peak (laboratory study) phases of an outbreak. In field studies (~200 N. abietis larvae/m2 of balsam fir (Abies balsamea) foliage), NeabNPV-induced mortality increased positively in a density-dependent manner, from 23% (in control groups) to 51% with the addition of one first-instar NeabNPV-treated larva, to 84% with 10 first–instar-treated larvae. Mortality was 60% and 63% when one or 10 NeabNPV-treated third-instar larva(e), respectively, were introduced into groups. Slightly higher levels of NeabNPV-induced mortality occurring when NeabNPV-treated larvae were introduced into first- rather than third-instar cohorts suggests that early instars are more susceptible to the virus. In the laboratory (~1330 N. abietis larvae/ m2 of foliage), NeabNPV-caused mortality increased from 20% in control groups to over 80% with the introduction of one, five or 10 NeabNPV-treated larvae into treatment groups of first-instar larvae. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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