Evidence of high-mass star formation through multi-scale mass accretion in hub-filament-system clouds
| Autor: | Hong-Li Liu, Anandmayee Tej, Tie Liu, Patricio Sanhueza, Sheng-Li Qin, Jinhua He, Paul F Goldsmith, Guido Garay, Sirong Pan, Kaho Morii, Shanghuo Li, Amelia Stutz, Ken’ichi Tatematsu, Feng-Wei Xu, Leonardo Bronfman, Anindya Saha, Namitha Issac, Tapas Baug, L Viktor Toth, Lokesh Dewangan, Ke Wang, Jianwen Zhou, Chang Won Lee, Dongting Yang, Anxu Luo, Xianjin Shen, Yong Zhang, Yue-Fang Wu, Zhiyuan Ren, Xun-Chuan Liu, Archana Soam, Siju Zhang, Qiu-Yi Luo |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: | |
| Popis: | We present a statistical study of a sample of 17 hub-filament-system (HFS) clouds of high-mass star formation using high-angular resolution ($\sim$1-2 arcsecond) ALMA 1.3mm and 3mm continuum data. The sample includes 8 infrared (IR)-dark and 9 IR-bright types, which correspond to an evolutionary sequence from the IR-dark to IR-bright stage. The central massive clumps and their associated most massive cores are observed to follow a trend of increasing mass ($M$) and mass surface density ($\Sigma$) with evolution from IR-dark to IR-bright stage. In addition, a mass-segregated cluster of young stellar objects (YSOs) are revealed in both IR-dark and IR-bright HFSs with massive YSOs located in the hub and the population of low-mass YSOs distributed over larger areas. Moreover, outflow feedback in all HFSs are found to escape preferentially through the inter-filamentary diffuse cavities, suggesting that outflows would render a limited effect on the disruption of the HFSs and ongoing high-mass star formation therein. From the above observations, we suggest that high-mass star formation in the HFSs can be described by a multi-scale mass accretion/transfer scenario, from hub-composing filaments through clumps down to cores, that can naturally lead to a mass-segregated cluster of stars. Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 16 pages, 8 figures, and 3 tables |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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