A dual-track transition to global carbon pricing
| Autor: | van den Bergh, J.C.J.M., Angelsen, A., Baranzini, A., Botzen, W.J.W., Carattini, S., Drews, S., Dunlop, T., Galbraith, E., Gsottbauer, E., Howarth, R.B., Padilla, E., Roca, J., Schmidt, R., Economics of Global Environmental Change, UU LEG Research UUSE Multidisciplinary Economics |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Economics of Global Environmental Change, UU LEG Research UUSE Multidisciplinary Economics, Spatial Economics, Environmental Economics |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Climate club Compensació d'emissions chemistry.chemical_element Paris Agreement 010501 environmental sciences Environmental Science (miscellaneous) Management Monitoring Policy and Law Track (rail transport) Climate policy 7. Clean energy 01 natural sciences policy harmonization Economics SDG 13 - Climate Action A Journal International harmonization Carboni carbon pricing 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Diòxid de carboni atmosfèric Global and Planetary Change Atmospheric carbon dioxide climate club International economics Carbon Dual (category theory) UNFCCC Policy harmonization chemistry 13. Climate action Carbon pricing Carbon offsetting |
| Zdroj: | Dipòsit Digital de la UB Universidad de Barcelona Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona van den Bergh, J C J M, Angelsen, A, Baranzini, A, Botzen, W J W, Carattini, S, Drews, S, Dunlop, T, Galbraith, E, Gsottbauer, E, Howarth, R B, Padilla, E, Roca, J & Schmidt, R C 2020, ' A dual-track transition to global carbon pricing ', Climate Policy, vol. 20, no. 9, pp. 1057-1069 . https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2020.1797618 Climate Policy, 20(9), 1057-1069. Earthscan Climate Policy, 20(9), 1057. Taylor & Francis Climate Policy |
| ISSN: | 1469-3062 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/14693062.2020.1797618 |
| Popis: | Unilateral climate policies have been unable to achieve intended emissions reductions. We argue that international harmonization of climate policy beyond the Paris Agreement is the only way forward and that global carbon pricing, either through a tax or market, is the best available instrument to manage this. A foundation has already been laid, as current carbon pricing initiatives cover about 20% of global CO2 emissions. Since it limits free-riding by countries/jurisdictions, global carbon pricing is, in principle, behaviourally easier to negotiate than other instruments, such as emission targets or technical standards. To overcome political resistance, we propose a dynamic strategy consisting of two parallel tracks and five transition phases. The first track entails assembly of a carbon-pricing coalition that expands over time and exerts moral and economic pressure on non-members to join. The second track involves refocusing UN intergovernmental climate change negotiations on carbon pricing, potentially involving initially heterogeneous prices reflecting distinct income levels of countries, which then gradually converge. The dual tracks are designed to reinforce one another, increasing the likelihood of a successful outcome. The proposal results in a transition trajectory consisting of two interactive tracks and five phases, with specific attention to inequity within and among countries. We illustrate how such an approach could function with either a carbon tax or market. Key policy insights International harmonization of climate policies is required to achieve the deep cuts in emissions needed to meet the Paris Agreement’s 2°C or 1.5°C target. A focus on carbon pricing–either through taxation or emissions trading–has multiple strengths: it can be easily compared and harmonized among countries; it can be gradually strengthened over time; it moderates freeriding and fear of competitiveness losses; and it automatically generates revenues to compensate low-income households and countries. Formation of a carbon-pricing coalition would enable such a group to speak with a single, powerful voice at UN climate change conferences. It would put economic and moral pressure on non-members, stimulating them to join and show a constructive attitude in ongoing UN climate change negotiations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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