The Substantial Improvement of Amphotericin B Selective Toxicity Upon Modification of Mycosamine with Bulky Substituents
| Autor: | Joanna Boros-Majewska, Maria J. Milewska, Edward Borowski, Marcin Serocki, Izabela Chabowska, Natalia Salewska, Sławomir Milewski, Dominik Zietkowski |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Antifungal Agents
Antifungal drug Microbial Sensitivity Tests 01 natural sciences Structure-Activity Relationship 03 medical and health sciences Fusarium Amphotericin B Drug Discovery medicine Cytotoxicity Candida albicans IC50 Candida 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Dose-Response Relationship Drug Molecular Structure biology Chemistry Hexosamines biology.organism_classification In vitro 0104 chemical sciences Cryptococcus 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry Aspergillus Biochemistry Mucor Toxicity Efflux Rhizopus medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Medicinal Chemistry. 16:128-139 |
| ISSN: | 1573-4064 |
| DOI: | 10.2174/1573406415666181203114629 |
| Popis: | Background: It is assumed that the unfavorable selective toxicity of an antifungal drug Amphotericin B (AmB) can be improved upon chemical modification of the antibiotic molecule. Objective: The aim of this study was verification of the hypothesis that introduction of bulky substituents at the amino sugar moiety of the antibiotic may result in diminishment of mammalian in vitro toxicity of thus prepared AmB derivatives. Methods: Twenty-eight derivatives of AmB were obtained upon chemical modification of the amino group of mycosamine residue. This set comprised 10 N-succinimidyl-, 4 N-benzyl-, 5 Nthioureidyl- and 9 N-aminoacyl derivatives. Parameters characterizing biological in vitro activity of novel compounds were determined. Results: All the novel compounds demonstrated lower than AmB antifungal in vitro activity but most of them exhibited negligible cytotoxicity against human erythrocytes and three mammalian cell lines. In consequence, the selective toxicity of majority of novel antifungals, reflected by the selective toxicity index (STI = EH50/IC50) was improved in comparison with that of AmB, especially in the case of 5 compounds. The novel AmB derivatives with the highest STI, induced substantial potassium efflux from Candida albicans cells at concentrations slightly lower than IC50s but did not trigger potassium release from human erythrocytes at concentrations lower than 100 μg/mL. Conclusion: Some of the novel AmB derivatives can be considered promising antifungal drug candidates. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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