Chlamydia trachomatis growth depends on eukaryotic cholesterol esterification and is affected by Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase inhibition
| Autor: | Gerald I. Byrne, Jan Peters |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Linoleic acid Sterol O-acyltransferase Chlamydia trachomatis Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase medicine.disease_cause chemistry.chemical_compound medicine Immunology and Allergy Humans Enzyme Inhibitors General Immunology and Microbiology Esterification Catabolism Chemistry Cholesterol Reverse cholesterol transport Epithelial Cells General Medicine Infectious Diseases Biochemistry Cinnamates Host-Pathogen Interactions lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Cholesterol Esters Growth inhibition HeLa Cells Sterol O-Acyltransferase Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Pathogens and disease. 73(6) |
| ISSN: | 2049-632X |
| Popis: | Chlamydia trachomatis is auxotrophic for a variety of essential metabolites. Inhibitors that interrupt host cell catabolism may inhibit chlamydial growth and reveal Chlamydia metabolite requirements. We used the known indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)-inhibitor 4-phenyl imidazole (4-PI) to reverse Interferon (IFN)-γ-induced chlamydial growth inhibition. However, at elevated inhibitor concentrations chlamydial growth was arrested even in the absence of IFN-γ. Since 4-PI is known to interfere with cholesterol metabolism, the effect of cholesterol add-back was tested. Chlamydia growth was restored in the presence of cholesterol in serum-containing, but not serum-free medium suggesting that cholesterol and other serum components are required for growth recovery. When serum factors were tested, either cholesteryl linoleate or the combination of cholesterol and linoleic acid restored chlamydial growth. However, growth was not restored when either cholesterol or linoleic acid were added alone, suggesting that the production of cholesteryl esters from cholesterol and fatty acids was affected by 4-PI treatment. In eukaryotic cells, the enzyme Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) catalyzes the production of cholesteryl esters. When HeLa cells were treated with the ACAT-specific inhibitor 4-hydroxycinnamicacid amide C. trachomatis growth was interrupted, but was restored by the addition of cholesteryl linoleate, suggesting that ACAT activity is necessary for intracellular Chlamydia growth. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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