Evaluation of yolk protein levels as estrogenic biomarker in bivalves; comparison of the alkali-labile phosphate method (ALP) and a species-specific immunoassay (ELISA)
Autor: | Morten Jeppesen, Jane Ebsen Morthorst, Karin Lund Kinnberg, Poul Bjerregaard, Henrik Holbech, Knud Ladegaard Pedersen |
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Rok vydání: | 2014 |
Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty food.ingredient Freshwater bivalve Physiology Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Denmark Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Biology Endocrine Disruptors Toxicology Biochemistry Andrology Vitellogenin food Unio Antibody Specificity Limit of Detection Yolk Internal medicine Hemolymph medicine Animals Protein precursor Shellfish Sex Characteristics medicine.diagnostic_test Dose-Response Relationship Drug Estradiol Reproduction Egg Proteins Estrogens Cell Biology General Medicine Bivalvia biology.organism_classification Food Inspection Lakes Endocrinology Immunoassay biology.protein Biomarker (medicine) Female Dietary Proteins Biomarkers Water Pollutants Chemical |
Zdroj: | Morthorst, J E, Holbech, H, Jeppesen, M, Kinnberg, K L, Pedersen, K L & Bjerregaard, P 2014, ' Evaluation of yolk protein levels as estrogenic biomarker in bivalves; Comparison of the alkali labile phosphate method (ALP) and a species specific immunoassay (ELISA) ', Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology-Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, vol. 166, no. November, pp. 88-95 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.07.008 |
ISSN: | 1532-0456 |
Popis: | Altered concentration of the vertebrate yolk protein precursor vitellogenin is a recognized biomarker for endocrine disruption in fish, and within recent years yolk protein alteration has also been associated with endocrine disruption in bivalves. Species-specific, direct and sensitive methods for quantification of vitellogenin in fish have been available for years whereas bivalve yolk protein levels have been estimated indirectly by alkali-labile phosphate (ALP) liberated from high molecular weight proteins because the sequence and biochemical structure of most bivalve yolk proteins are unknown. By applying a species-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for accurate determination of yolk protein level the impact of 17β-estradiol (57, 164 and 512 ng/L) on the freshwater bivalve Unio tumidus was investigated and compared with ALP estimations. Seven weeks of exposure during the pre-spawning and spawning period had no consistent effect on yolk protein concentration in hemolymph, and ALP levels in hemolymph also remained unchanged in both males and females. Further, basal male and female ALP levels were indistinguishable whereas the ELISA demonstrated that yolk protein levels of females exceeded male levels at the time of sampling, although male basal levels were high compared to fish. Altogether it is shown that individual ALP levels do not reflect yolk protein levels and hence hemolymph ALP levels cannot serve as biomarker for estrogenic exposure during the pre-spawning and spawning period in U. tumidus. The necessity of sensitive and validated biomarkers for reliable interpretation of data and the utility of ALP and yolk protein levels as biomarkers in bivalves are discussed. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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