An Automated and Robust Image Watermarking Scheme Based on Deep Neural Networks
Autor: | Spyridon Mastorakis, Pei-Chi Huang, Frank Y. Shih, Xin Zhong |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
FOS: Computer and information sciences
Computer Science - Machine Learning Computer science Data_MISCELLANEOUS 02 engineering and technology Convolutional neural network Machine Learning (cs.LG) Robustness (computer science) 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Media Technology Electrical and Electronic Engineering Digital watermarking Artificial neural network business.industry Deep learning Watermark Pattern recognition Automation Multimedia (cs.MM) Computer Science Applications Signal Processing Domain knowledge 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing Artificial intelligence business Computer Science - Multimedia |
Zdroj: | IEEE Transactions on Multimedia. 23:1951-1961 |
ISSN: | 1941-0077 1520-9210 |
Popis: | Digital image watermarking is the process of embedding and extracting a watermark covertly on a cover-image. To dynamically adapt image watermarking algorithms, deep learning-based image watermarking schemes have attracted increased attention during recent years. However, existing deep learning-based watermarking methods neither fully apply the fitting ability to learn and automate the embedding and extracting algorithms, nor achieve the properties of robustness and blindness simultaneously. In this paper, a robust and blind image watermarking scheme based on deep learning neural networks is proposed. To minimize the requirement of domain knowledge, the fitting ability of deep neural networks is exploited to learn and generalize an automated image watermarking algorithm. A deep learning architecture is specially designed for image watermarking tasks, which will be trained in an unsupervised manner to avoid human intervention and annotation. To facilitate flexible applications, the robustness of the proposed scheme is achieved without requiring any prior knowledge or adversarial examples of possible attacks. A challenging case of watermark extraction from phone camera-captured images demonstrates the robustness and practicality of the proposal. The experiments, evaluation, and application cases confirm the superiority of the proposed scheme. Comment: This paper has been accepted for publication by the IEEE Transactions on Multimedia. The copyright is with the IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/TMM.2020.3006415 |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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