Enter the Dragon: The Dynamic and Multifunctional Evolution of Anguimorpha Lizard Venoms
| Autor: | Rudy Fourmy, Kevin Arbuckle, Mary-Louise Manchadi, Hang Fai Kwok, Jordan Debono, Amanda Nouwens, Daniel Dashevsky, Iwan Hendrikx, Paolo Martelli, James Dobson, Nadya Panagides, Edward J. Stockdale, Chip Cochran, Bianca op den Brouw, Aude Violette, Timothy N.W. Jackson, Bin Li, Christofer J. Clemente, Ivan Koludarov, Bryan G. Fry, Judith A. Clements, Carson R. Stephens |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Heloderma Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Anguimorpha Zoology venom lcsh:Medicine Venom In Vitro Techniques Toxicology complex mixtures Article lizard evolution Toxicofera coagulation fibrinogen proteomics Evolution Molecular 03 medical and health sciences Phylogenetics Ileum biology.animal Animals Toxin types Phylogeny biology Lizard Venoms lcsh:R Lizards biology.organism_classification Rats Phospholipases A2 030104 developmental biology Lanthanotus Immunology Microscopy Electron Scanning Kallikreins sense organs Tooth Muscle Contraction |
| Zdroj: | Toxins, Vol 9, Iss 8, p 242 (2017) TOXINS Toxins BASE-Bielefeld Academic Search Engine Toxins; Volume 9; Issue 8; Pages: 242 |
| ISSN: | 2072-6651 |
| Popis: | While snake venoms have been the subject of intense study, comparatively little work has been done on lizard venoms. In this study, we have examined the structural and functional diversification of anguimorph lizard venoms and associated toxins, and related these results to dentition and predatory ecology. Venom composition was shown to be highly variable across the 20 species of Heloderma, Lanthanotus, and Varanus included in our study. While kallikrein enzymes were ubiquitous, they were also a particularly multifunctional toxin type, with differential activities on enzyme substrates and also ability to degrade alpha or beta chains of fibrinogen that reflects structural variability. Examination of other toxin types also revealed similar variability in their presence and activity levels. The high level of venom chemistry variation in varanid lizards compared to that of helodermatid lizards suggests that venom may be subject to different selection pressures in these two families. These results not only contribute to our understanding of venom evolution but also reveal anguimorph lizard venoms to be rich sources of novel bioactive molecules with potential as drug design and development lead compounds. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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