Food web associations and effect of trophic resources and environmental factors on parasitoids expanding their host range into non‐native hosts
| Autor: | M. Ángeles Marcos García, Henry Murillo Pacheco, Sherah L. VanLaerhoven, David W.A. Hunt |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Alicante. Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad, Biodiversidad y Biotecnología aplicadas a la Biología de la Conservación |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Chrysodeixis chalcites Plusiinae 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Parasitoid Encyrtidae Zero-inflated models Zoología Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics biology Ecology Copidosoma floridanum biology.organism_classification Hymenoptera Lepidoptera 010602 entomology Ichneumonidae Cotesia Campoletis sonorensis Cotesia vanessae Insect Science Noctuidae North America Braconidae |
| Popis: | Trophic interactions and environmental conditions determine the structure of food webs and the host expansion of parasitoids into novel insect hosts. In this study, we investigate plant–insect–parasitoid food web interactions, specifically the effect of trophic resources and environmental factors on the presence of the parasitoids expanding their host range after the invasion of Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). We also consider potential candidates for biological control of this non‐native pest. A survey of larval stages of Plusiinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and their larval parasitoids was conducted in field and vegetable greenhouse crops in 2009 and 2010 in various locations of Essex and Chatham‐Kent counties in Ontario, Canada. Twenty‐one plant–host insect–host parasitoid associations were observed among Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), C. chalcites, and larval parasitoids in three trophic levels of interaction. Chrysodeixis chalcites, an old‐world species that had just arrived in the region, was the most common in our samples. The larval parasitoids Campoletis sonorensis (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Cotesia vanessae (Reinhard), Cotesia sp., Microplitis alaskensis (Ashmead), and Meteorus rubens (Nees) (all Hymenoptera: Braconidae) expanded their host range into C. chalcites changing the structure of the food web. Copidosoma floridanum (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was the most common parasitoid of T. ni that was not found in the invasive species. Plant species, host abundance, and agro‐ecosystem were the most common predictors for the presence of the parasitoids expanding their host range into C. chalcites. Our results indicate that C. sonorensis, C. vanessae, and C. floridanum should be evaluated for their potential use in biological control of C. chalcites and T. ni. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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