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The article presents formulas for determining the value of leaching rates for desalination of a meter (root inhabited) layer of soil, which is characterized by different mechanical composition and salt release properties, and the formula which is used as the basis for calculating leaching of saline lands is the theory of physicochemical hydrodynamics based on the equation of convective diffusion and mass transfer of conditions of unsteady soil water regime. The formulas take into account the movement of moisture in the soil of dissolved salt, which moves due to the difference in the concentration of the soil solution. If moisture in the soil moves, then the salts move in it not only due to the difference in concentration, but also due to their transfer by water (convective component). This process is called convective diffusion, which is taken into account by the D* coefficient, which changes at filtration rates within wide limits (1-10) 10-3 m2/day. One of the topical issues is the development of a mathematical model, to quickly and accurately determine the value of the leaching rate for specific soil-reclamation areas, taking into account the estimated desalination depth, the texture and porosity of the soil, the actual speed of water movement through the soil pores, the degree of salt release, the salt transfer parameter (coefficient convective diffusion), also the initial soil salinization, irrigation water salinity, etc. |
