Determining Direction of Axonal Flow in the Equine Ramus Communicans by Ultrastructural Examination of the Plantar Nerves 2 Months after Transecting the Ramus
| Autor: | Robert W. Henry, Ferenc Tóth, Fakhri Al-Bagdadi, Jessi Carter, James Schumacher |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Wallerian degeneration Biology 03 medical and health sciences Myelin Nerve Fibers 0302 clinical medicine stomatognathic system medicine Animals Horses Peripheral Nerves Instrumentation Myelin Sheath Anatomy medicine.disease Axons Ramus communicans Axolemma Microscopy Electron 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure nervous system Axoplasm Plantar nerve Ultrastructure Basal lamina 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Microscopy and Microanalysis. 24:64-68 |
| ISSN: | 1435-8115 1431-9276 |
| Popis: | The ramus communicans, neural connection between medial and lateral plantar nerves of the horse, was transected to determine the degree to which medial and lateral plantar nerves contribute to the plantar ramus. After 2 months, sections of plantar nerves immediately proximal and distal to the communicating branch were collected and processed for electron microscopy. All examined nerves had undergone Wallerian degeneration and contained regenerating and mature fibers. Layers of the myelin sheath were separated by spaces and vacuoles, indicating demyelination of medial and lateral plantar nerves. Shrunken axons varied in diameter and were surrounded by an irregular axolemma. Shrunken axoplasm of both myelinated and non-myelinated fibers contained ruptured mitochondria and cristae, disintegrating cytoskeleton, and vacuoles of various sizes. The cytoplasm of neurolemmocytes contained various-sized vesicles, ruptured mitochondria within a fragile basal lamina and myelin whorls of multilayered structures indicative of Wallerian degeneration. These ultrastructural changes, found proximal and distal to the ramus in medial and lateral plantar nerves, suggest that axonal flow is bi-directional through the ramus communicans of the pelvic limbs of horses, a previously unreported finding. As well, maturity of nerves proximal and distal to the ramus indicates that all nerve fibers do not pass through the ramus. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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