Crossover from one to two dimensions in liquid He4 in a nanopore
| Autor: | Henry R. Glyde, L. Vranješ Markić, Krešimir Dželalija |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Physics
Density matrix Condensed matter physics Transition temperature Center (category theory) Pair distribution function 02 engineering and technology Radius 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Superfluidity Luttinger liquid 0103 physical sciences superfluid transition Monte Carlo HE-4 helium Luttinger Liquid 010306 general physics 0210 nano-technology Energy (signal processing) |
| Zdroj: | Physical Review B. 101 |
| ISSN: | 2469-9969 2469-9950 |
| DOI: | 10.1103/physrevb.101.104505 |
| Popis: | Using diffusion and path-integral Monte Carlo methods, we show that liquid $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ confined in a narrow nanopore of liquid radius $R=4\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\text{\AA{}}$ undergoes a crossover from a one-dimensional (1D) to a two-dimensional (2D) fluid as a function of liquid density. At low liquid density, e.g., a linear density ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}=0.15 {\text{\AA{}}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, the liquid energy is at a minimum when the liquid lies in a line at the center of the pore. The pair distribution function $g(x)$, the one-body density matrix $n(x)$, and the superfluid fraction ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{S}/{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}$ all show 1D character that is well described by Luttinger liquid (LL) predictions. As density is increased, there is a crossover to 2D with the minimum energy configuration moving from a line at the center of the pore to a film near the pore walls. At linear density ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}g0.40 {\text{\AA{}}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, the $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ lies predominantly in a 2D cylindrical film midway between the center and the nanopore walls. The $g(x), n(x)$, and ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{S}/{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}$ all show 2D character and the film has a low but finite transition temperature. $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ at a bulk liquid density corresponds to ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}=0.6 {\text{\AA{}}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in the pore which lies in the 2D regime. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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