Ceftolozane–tazobactam: A new-generation cephalosporin
| Autor: | Brooke Stayer, David Cluck, Paul H. Lewis, Jonathan P. Moorman, Justin Spivey |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Tazobactam
medicine.drug_class Chemistry Pharmaceutical Cephalosporin Penicillanic Acid Pharmacology medicine.disease_cause Meropenem Microbiology Levofloxacin polycyclic compounds medicine Animals Humans Clinical Trials as Topic Pseudomonas aeruginosa business.industry Health Policy Bacterial pneumonia biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition bacterial infections and mycoses Antimicrobial medicine.disease Anti-Bacterial Agents Cephalosporins Metronidazole bacteria beta-Lactamase Inhibitors business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy. 72:2135-2146 |
| ISSN: | 1535-2900 1079-2082 |
| DOI: | 10.2146/ajhp150049 |
| Popis: | Purpose The chemistry, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, efficacy, and safety of the recently introduced combination antimicrobial agent ceftolozane–tazobactam are reviewed. Summary Ceftolozane–tazobactam (Zerbaxa, Cubist Pharmaceuticals) is a cephalosporin β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibitor marketed as a fixed-dose combination agent for the treatment of complicated urinary tract and intraabdominal infections. Its dosing and chemistry provide expansive antimicrobial coverage of gram-negative organisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and stable activity against many β-lactamases, as well as coverage of most extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing organisms and some anaerobes. Ceftolozane–tazobactam is susceptible to hydrolysis by carbapenemase enzymes but is not affected by other resistance mechanisms such as efflux pumps and porin loss. Clinical trials demonstrated that combination treatment with ceftolozane–tazobactam plus metronidazole had efficacy comparable to that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections, including pyelonephritis, and comparable to that of meropenem against complicated intraabdominal infections. A Phase III trial of ceftolozane–tazobactam versus meropenem for treatment of bacterial pneumonia, including ventilator-associated pneumonia, is underway. Adverse effects reported with ceftolozane–tazobactam use are comparable to those seen with other β-lactams (e.g., hypersensitivity, nausea, diarrhea, headache). Initially, ceftolozane–tazobactam may be reserved for targeted therapy against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Conclusion Ceftolozane–tazobactam is a new cephalosporin with enhanced activity against multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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