JP-8 jet fuel exposure suppresses the immune response to viral infections
| Autor: | Xianghui He, Mark L. Witten, Debbie Sakiestewa, David T. Harris, Dominic Titone, Juanita Hyde |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis medicine.medical_treatment Immunotoxicology Biology Lymphocyte Activation Toxicology Virus Mice Immune system Immunity Occupational Exposure Influenza Human medicine Animals Humans Prostaglandin E2 Immunosuppression Therapy Immunity Cellular Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Immunosuppression Flow Cytometry Survival Analysis Hydrocarbons CD4 Lymphocyte Count Mice Inbred C57BL Virus Diseases Immune System Models Animal Viruses Immunology Female Disease Susceptibility Lymph CD8 medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Toxicology and Industrial Health. 24:209-216 |
| ISSN: | 1477-0393 0748-2337 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/0748233708093781 |
| Popis: | The US Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Previous work has reported that JP-8 exposure is immunosuppressive. Exposure of mice to JP-8 for 1 h/day resulted in immediate secretion of two immunosuppressive agents, namely, interleukin-10 and prostaglandin E2. Thus, it was of interest to determine if jet fuel exposure might alter the immune response to infectious agents. The Hong Kong influenza model was used for these studies. Mice were exposed to 1000 mg/m3 JP-8 (1 h/day) for 7 days before influenza viral infection. Animals were infected intra-nasally with virus and followed in terms of overall survival as well as immune responses. All surviving animals were killed 14 days after viral infection. In the present study, JP-8 exposure increased the severity of the viral infection by suppressing the anti-viral immune responses. That is, exposure of mice to JP-8 for 1 h/day for 7 days before infection resulted in decreased immune cell viability after exposure and infection, a greater than fourfold decrease in immune proliferative responses to mitogens, as well as an overall loss of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells from the lymph nodes, but not the spleens, of infected animals. These changes resulted in decreased survival of the exposed and infected mice, with only 33% of animals surviving as compared with 50% of mice infected but not jet fuel–exposed (and 100% of mice exposed only to JP-8). Thus, short-term, low-concentration JP-8 jet fuel exposures have significant suppressive effects on the immune system which can result in increased severity of viral infections. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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