Is livestock grazing a key factor for changing vegetation patterns in lime rich coastal dunes in the Netherlands?
| Autor: | Dan Assendorp, Karlè V. Sýkora, Harrie G. J. M. van der Hagen, Wim Calame, Frank van der Meulen, Joop H.J. Schaminée |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Aerial photographs Livestock grazing Bos- en Landschapsecologie ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Duinen Oceanography 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Shrub Oryctolagus cuniculus Grassland Shrubland Geologie Grazing Forest and Landscape Ecology Vegetatie 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Nature and Landscape Conservation Blowout geography Vegetation geography.geographical_feature_category Ecology biology business.industry ved/biology Plant Ecology Hippophae rhamnoides biology.organism_classification PE&RC Habitat Agronomy Environmental science Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer Livestock Vegetatie Bos- en Landschapsecologie Vegetation Forest and Landscape Ecology Begrazing business Coastal dunes |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Coastal Conservation, 24(2) Journal of Coastal Conservation, 24, 2 Journal of Coastal Conservation, 24(2). [S.l.]: Springer Journal of Coastal Conservation 24 (2020) 2 Journal of Coastal Conservation, 24 |
| ISSN: | 1400-0350 |
| Popis: | In 1990, livestock grazing was introduced in Meijendel, a 1800 ha lime-rich coastal dune area, at a density of 0.06–0.07 LLU.ha-1.year−1 (1:12–18 ha) to counteract encroachment of tall grasses and shrubland on dune grassland and increase the bare sand area. Monitoring was based on four digital orthophotos (1975–1990–2001-2009) with a high spatial resolution (pixel size 25 × 25 cm). The changes were tested using Generalized Estimating Equations. Habitat changes occurred, but contradicting our hypothesis, there was no significant impact from the grazing on bare sand, grassland or shrubland within 11 and 19 years post livestock introduction. (1) After several decennia of decreasing bare sand, there was a significant increase between 2001 and 2009, irrespective of livestock presence. (2) The changes in grasslands and shrublands are independent of the livestock, but dependent on distance to the coast. (3) Bare sand and shrub cover determine the space left for the dune grasslands. It appears other factors than livestock grazing must have induced the changes. Changes in climate conditions and nitrogen load might have stimulated bare sand. An interaction with the end of Marram planting in 1990 cannot be concluded from available data. The disease-led reduction of rabbit grazing from the mid-1950s led to an expansion of the dominant shrub Hippophae rhamnoides. However, Hippophae shrubland typically regresses to grasslands on its collapse after 25–40 years. Tree species like Crataegus, Betula and Quercus will gradually dominate the landscape for far longer. Active removal of these indigenous species is necessary to prevent future loss of dune grasslands. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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