What is top-down about seeing enemies? Social anxiety and attention to threat
Autor: | Hannah Delchau, Richard O'Kearney, Bruce K. Christensen, Stephanie Catherine Goodhew |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Cued speech
Aetiological factor Linguistics and Language Working memory 05 social sciences Social anxiety Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Fear Top-down and bottom-up design Anxiety Attentional bias 050105 experimental psychology Sensory Systems Language and Linguistics Task (project management) 03 medical and health sciences Memory Short-Term 0302 clinical medicine Humans Attention 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Disengagement theory Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
Zdroj: | Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics. 82:1779-1792 |
ISSN: | 1943-393X 1943-3921 |
Popis: | An attentional bias to threat is an important maintaining and possibly aetiological factor for social anxiety. Despite this, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of threat biases, such as the relative contributions of top-down and bottom-up attention. In order to measure attentional bias toward threat, the current study employed a variation of the dot-probe task in which participants' attention was initially cued to the left or right side of the screen before an angry face paired with a neutral face was displayed, and subsequently participants responded to a probe in the locus of one of the faces. This design provides separate measures of engagement with and disengagement from threat. In addition, in order to manipulate the availability of top-down attentional resources, participants completed this task under no, low (simple arithmetic task), and high (difficult arithmetic task) working memory load. Higher levels of social anxiety were found to be associated with increased engagement with threat under no-load, whereas this effect was eliminated under low-load and high-load conditions. Moreover, social anxiety was not associated with delayed disengagement from threat. These results highlight the critical role of top-down attention for engaging attention with threat. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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