Evaluation of four commercial virological assays for early infant HIV-1 diagnosis using dried blood specimens
| Autor: | Pedro Avedillo, Antonio Vargas, Pablo Rojo, Luis Prieto, Jacinta Obiang, Leticia Sanz Canalejas, Carolina Fernández McPhee, Agustín Benito, África Holguín, Patricia Álvarez, Leticia Martín, José Tomás Ramos |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty 030106 microbiology Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause World health Serology Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Pregnancy Virology Internal medicine Humans Medicine False Positive Reactions 030212 general & internal medicine Pregnancy Complications Infectious Dried blood biology business.industry Infant Newborn Infant Infectious Disease Transmission Vertical Early Diagnosis Equatorial Guinea Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health HIV-1 biology.protein RNA Viral Biological Assay Female Dried Blood Spot Testing Antibody business Viral load |
| Zdroj: | Pediatric Research. 81:80-87 |
| ISSN: | 1530-0447 0031-3998 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/pr.2016.183 |
| Popis: | Early infant diagnosis (EID) of HIV-1 is necessary to reduce HIV-related mortality. As maternal antibodies transferred across the placenta may persist up to 18 mo, commercial virological assays (CVAs) are needed. This study compares four CVAs for EID using dried blood specimens (DBS) from HIV-1-exposed infants. DBS from 68 infants born to HIV-1-infected women were collected from November 2012 to December 2013 in Equatorial Guinea. Four CVAs were performed: Siemens VERSANT HIV-1 RNA 1.0 kPCR assay, Roche CAP/CTM Quantitative Test v2.0, CAP/CTM Qualitative Tests v1.0 and v2.0. Definitive diagnosis was established following World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. Two HIV-1-infected infants (2.9%) were detected by the four CVAs while 49 (72%) resulted negative. Discordant results were observed in 17 (25%) infants and HIV-1 infection was excluded in 14 patients when virological and serological testing was performed in additional DBS. Different false-positive rates HIV-1 were observed with Roche assays. CVAs using DBS were useful for EID, although discrepant results were common. Further research is required to reduce false-positive results that could result in wrong diagnosis and unneeded treatment. We propose caution with low viral load (VL) values when using VL assays. Clear guidelines are required for EID of HIV-exposed infants with discrepant virological results. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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