Immunologic responses in corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus) after experimentally induced infection with ferlaviruses
| Autor: | Uwe Truyen, Michael Pees, Annkatrin Neul, Rachel E. Marschang, Tina Bjick, Heiner von Buttlar, Wieland Schrödl |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Genotype 040301 veterinary sciences Virulence Pantherophis guttatus Biology complex mixtures 0403 veterinary science 03 medical and health sciences Immune system medicine Animals Clinical significance Hematologic tests Paramyxoviridae Infections General Veterinary Inoculation Monocyte Colubridae 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Immunology Paramyxoviridae Female |
| Zdroj: | American journal of veterinary research. 78(4) |
| ISSN: | 1943-5681 |
| Popis: | OBJECTIVE To measure immunologic responses of snakes after experimentally induced infection with ferlaviruses. ANIMALS 42 adult corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus) of both sexes. PROCEDURES Snakes were inoculated intratracheally with genogroup A (n = 12), B (12), or C (12) ferlavirus (infected groups) or cell-culture supernatant (6; control group) on day 0. Three snakes from each infected group were euthanized on days 4, 16, 28, and 49, and 3 snakes from the control group were euthanized on day 49. Blood samples were collected from live snakes on days −6 (baseline), 4, 16, 28, and 49. Hematologic tests were performed and humoral responses assessed via hemagglutination-inhibition assays and ELISAs. Following euthanasia, gross pathological and histologic evaluations and virus detection were performed. RESULTS Severity of clinical signs of and immunologic responses to ferlavirus infection differed among snake groups. Hematologic values, particularly WBC and monocyte counts, increased between days 4 and 16 after infection. A humoral response was identified between days 16 and 28. Serum IgM concentrations increased from baseline earlier than IgY concentrations, but the IgY relative increase was higher at the end of the study. The hemagglutination-inhibition assay revealed that the strongest reactions in all infected groups were against the strain with which they had been infected. Snakes infected with genogroup A ferlavirus had the strongest immune response, whereas those infected with genogroup B had the weakest responses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results of this experimental study suggested that the ferlavirus strain with the highest virulence induced the weakest immune response in snakes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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