Bisphenol analogs AF, S and F: Effects on functional characteristics of porcine granulosa cells
| Autor: | Alzbeta Mlynarcikova, Sona Scsukova |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
endocrine system medicine.medical_specialty Bisphenol A Cell Survival Swine Bisphenol FOXO1 Endocrine Disruptors 010501 environmental sciences Toxicology 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Phenols Internal medicine medicine Animals Sulfones Viability assay Benzhydryl Compounds 030304 developmental biology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 0303 health sciences Granulosa Cells biology urogenital system Aryl hydrocarbon receptor Vascular endothelial growth factor A Endocrinology Endocrine disruptor chemistry biology.protein Female hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists Hormone |
| Zdroj: | Reproductive Toxicology. 103:18-27 |
| ISSN: | 0890-6238 |
| Popis: | In order to replace industrial functions of the restricted endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA), its structural analogs are increasingly employed without adequate assessment of their biological actions. Our study examined effects of the bisphenols AF (BPAF), S (BPS) and F (BPF), on functions of porcine ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) with the focus on viability, steroid production (10-9-10-4M), and expression of factors (10-9-10-5M) important for the follicle development: vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Cell viability was not impaired by the bisphenol analogs, except for the highest BPAF concentration (10-4M). While the lower concentrations of the bisphenols were without effect, each of them reduced follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced progesterone synthesis at the highest dose. Estradiol synthesis was sensitive to BPS, inhibitory effects of which were manifested from the concentration of 10-6M. Treatment of GCs with the selected bisphenol concentrations did not result in marked alterations in steroidogenic enzyme expression. Bisphenols did not significantly modulate VEGFA mRNA expression or output either under basal or FSH-stimulated conditions. BPF at 10-5M increased MMP9 expression in FSH-stimulated cells. FSH upregulated FOXO1 expression, however, none of the bisphenols significantly affected FOXO1 levels either in basal or in FSH-stimulated conditions. AHR mRNA expression remained unchanged after bisphenol treatment. Although the significant effects of BPAF, BPS and BPF appeared only at supraphysiological doses, the results obtained indicate that BPA analogs are not inert with regard to ovarian physiology. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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